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'IRAQ AND THE PERSIAN GULF' [263v] (529/862)
The record is made up of 1 volume (430 folios). It was created in 1944. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
402 ADMINISTRATION AND PUBLIC LIFE
special law for Tribal Disputes. Punishments are the same as those
inflicted by the ordinary courts, but the tribal judges and arbitrators
reach their verdicts in accordance with tribal custom and their native
habits of thought. There is no appeal from the Majlis, but sentences
are confirmed or revised by the mutasarrifs. By this system a great
amount of tribal jurisdiction affecting the whole rural population is
entirely withdrawn from the orbit of the Ministry of Justice.
Law and Lawyers
The Civil Courts administer a body of legislation consisting mainly
of the former Ottoman codes called the Majalla, modified by later
proclamations, regulations, and enactments of the pre-mandatory
and mandatory period and by recent legislation. Certain Indian Acts,
such as the Indian Companies Act, were introduced to fill gaps in
the Ottoman system. The Ottoman criminal code has been replaced
by recent enactments and legislation (p. 387). As a whole the body of
law needs considerable modernization and simplification, a task which
has been taken in hand by a Legal Commission but apparently not
yet completed.
The Religious Courts apply the law of their communities, the
Koranic law according to the various rites (p. 252) for the Moslems,
and the appropriate communal law and customs for the Christians,
Jews, and other communities.
In Iraq, as in most countries, the professions of barrister and soli
citor are merged. The bar is controlled by an association of judges,
and procedure in the courts is controlled, in the civil courts by the
Ottoman Code, and in the criminal courts by a Code of Criminal
Procedure enacted after the British occupation.
Waqf
This is a form of charitable endowment peculiar to Moslem lands.
A man may make over property as a trust in perpetuity for the benefit
either of a religious institution such as a mosque, madrasa, or school,
or of particular persons including his own relatives for a certain period
with eventual reversion to a religious foundation. The object was to
secure property from seizure or forfeiture through the caprice of the
temporal sovereigns and governors. For example, in 1930 the de
scendants of the slaves of the last Mamluk Vali of Baghdad, Daud
Pasha
An Ottoman title used after the names of certain provincial governors, high-ranking officials and military commanders.
, were still being maintained by funds from a waqf endowment
made by their master. Waqf (plural awqaf) endowments are adminis
tered by boards of trustees, but the great number and the remote
About this item
- Content
The volume is titled Iraq and the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. (London: Naval Intelligence Division, 1944).
The report contains preliminary remarks by the Director of Naval Intelligence, 1942 (John Henry Godfrey) and the Director of Naval Intelligence, 1944 (E G N Rushbrook).
There then follows thirteen chapters:
- I. Introduction.
- II. Geology and description of the land.
- III. Coasts of the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. .
- IV. Climate, vegetation and fauna.
- V. History.
- VI. People.
- VII. Distribution of the people.
- VIII. Administration and public life.
- IX. Public health and disease.
- X. Irrigation, agriculture, and minor industry.
- XI. Currency, finance, commerce and oil.
- XII. Ports and inland towns.
- XIII. Communications.
- Appendices: stratigraphy; meteorological tables; ten historical sites, chronological table; weights and measures; authorship, authorities and maps.
There follows a section listing 105 text figures and maps and a section listing over 200 illustrations.
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (430 folios)
- Arrangement
The volume is divided into a number of chapters, sub-sections whose arrangement is detailed in the contents section (folios 7-13) which includes a section on text-figures and maps, and list of illustrations. The volume consists of front matter pages (xviii), and then a further 682 pages in the original pagination system.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 430; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio.
Pagination: the file also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
- Written in
- English in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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'IRAQ AND THE PERSIAN GULF' [263v] (529/862), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/64, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100037366480.0x000082> [accessed 4 May 2024]
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/L/MIL/17/15/64
- Title
- 'IRAQ AND THE PERSIAN GULF'
- Pages
- front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, 2r:253r, 254r, 255r:429v, back-i
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence