'GAZETTEER OF PERSIA. VOL. III. PART I: A to K' [‎418r] (840/1278)

Gazetteer. The villages muster among them (1905) a total of some 200
horses, 4,700 donkeys, 1,000 camels, 30 mules, 4,800 cattle and 24,000
sheep.
Administration .—The Hindian district is subject to the Shaikh of Muham-
mareh, who has officials representing him at Hindian village and Deh
Mulla. The tenure on which he holds it has not been precisely ascertained.
The revenue is fluctuating, and is assessed at so many tumdns per gdii of
actual cultivation. In 1905 the revenue of the Deh Mulla neighbourhood
was farmed for 5,000 tumdns, and the revenue of the rest of the district for
18,000 tumdns ; this was an advance on former years and has not been
realised without hardship and oppression. The Imperial Persian Customs
have posts at Hindian town and at Tuwaisheh near the coast.
In the 10th century the Hindian district contained the remains of a fire-
temple and some water wheels of ancient construction.
The local tradition that the Portuguese once held the district receives some
support from the fact that the name “ Purgal ” is still recognized, and that
there are traces of buildings and several old iron guns of the usual Portu
guese type at Deh Mulla. Deh Mulla may perhaps have been a Portuguese
factory An East India Company trading post. , the river being then navigable above Hindian town as it was to
some extent, as late as 1836.— (Bailward — Gabriel—Persian Gulf Gazetteer,
1908.)
HINDIAN (River) or ZAIDAN or AB ZUHREH—
In flood in April 1910. Its several branches are very difficult to cross,
for the current is very powerful and the water 4J feet to 5 feet high. The
river breaks out into many streams when in flood. Bed hard. Water
slightly brackish.— {Chicl, 1910.)
This river is formed by the junction in the plain of Zaidan at a point 22
miles north by west from Bandar Dilam on the coast of two streams, the
Khairabad or Ab-i-Shirin and the Shulistan or Ab Shur, both from the east
ward. The more northern of the two streams, the Khairabad, is sweet :
it is said to take its name from a ruined settlement upon its right bank a
few miles above its junction, and to take its rise in a high range of mountains
in the Kuhgalu Lur country. In its course the Khairabad gathers to itself
the water of several streams, of which the chief are the Zuhreh and the
Kumbal. The Shulistan, which has bitter waters, is stated to have its origin
in a mass of hills to the west of the Kazarun-Shiraz road which were former
ly inhabited by a tribe called Shfil, and have now been occupied for some
centuries by the Mamassanis. The Shulistan, like the Khairabad river,
has several tributaries, and one of these, the Shish Pir, which comes down
from the north of Shiraz, is exceedingly bitter, strongly impregnating the
Shulistan and even tainting the Hindian below the junction with the Khair
abad, yet not in such degree as to make the water of the Hindian undrink
able. Even at the driest season of the year the Khairabad and Shulistan
are both considerable streams, with a breadth, at their junction, of 2 5
yards and having a shingly bottom.
The upper course of the river formed by their union is generally known
by the name of Zaidan not of Hindian, and may be taken as extending from
Haidar Karar, a small Tmdmzddeh situated on the tongue of land between the
Khairabad and the Shiilistan, to the border of the Hindian district, where