'MILITARY REPORT ON PERSIA. VOL. IV, PART II.' [‎45r] (94/212)

The migration takes place twice a year, once op-eOuntry attrl
once down, and varies to the extent of very few days. About
the vernal equinox, or Nauroz, they commence to strike their
black tents and move slowly north ; they leave their northern
pastures rather before the middle of September, and come back
to their old camping grounds in the south. Their summer
quarters, known os Spirhad, are near the northern boundary
of Pars, west of Qumisheh and Ya/.d-i-Khast, and reach to the
eastern slope of the Kuh-i-Danna (the Kuhgalu tribes being on
the south-west of this range); their winter quarters are in the
Garmslr or hot regions of bars, ranging from the vicinity of
Behbehan to near bar, but never south of the range of mountains
bordering the const-line, that is to say, generally, more than 40
miles inland as the crow flies.
The principal route is that adopted by the Darashuri,
Kashkuli and others, who, coming from Behbehan and the
Mabur-i-Mailatun district respectively, strike the Bushire-
Shiraz post road in the neighbourhood of Kazarun and follow
the general trend of this route as far as L'asht-i-Arjan and Khan-
i-Zin an, whence they either proceed via Chehar-i-Kahdar, and
cross the Shiraz plain to Jlyum and Baiza, or more dir ect to
Aidakan.
From the latter point they disper se by various routes to their
summer quarters. A few tribes previously used the Tang-i-
Allah-o-Akbar, north of Shiraz, brrt this is not usual now, the
whole it keeping well to the west of Shiraz. Tribes coming from
Galehdar, ’Alamarvdafcht, Afzar, etc., generally pass through
Chehar-i-Rahdar on their Way up-country.
It is rarely that the tilths change the course of their migra
tion and, any deviation from the customary lines being difficult
for the larger' tribes, to block their upward path is not only the
easiest, but the most effective way of putting pressure upon any
particular tribe, or on the tribe as a whole.
The only divisions which are of any practical importance and
which may become, on occasion, political entities are the Da ra-
shurl, Kashkuli, Shishbuluki, and larslmadan. The supp ort of
these tribes, or at least their neutrality, is necessary to' any
ilkhanl.
The migration of the Ilkhanl and his Amalch, or household
troops, is shown in Appendix D.
Generally speaking the downward migration of the whole II
converges on Baiza and Juyum to the north of Shiraz, and then