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File 3136/1914 Pt 4 ‘German War. Egyptian situation’ [‎116r] (236/744)

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The record is made up of 1 volume (368 folios). It was created in 1914-1915. It was written in English and French. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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with whom we had conversations, seemed to think
that if a policy of greater trust in the
representatives of the people is adopted and
if in the governance of the country the good
of the Egyptians and their legitimate
expectations as a self-respecting nation are
not subordinated to other considerations,
the nationalists would cordially support the
British authorities. They admitted that the
measures for extending cultivation and
improving the material condition of the Fellah Arabic for ‘peasant’. It was used by British officials to refer to agricultural workers or to members of a social class employed primarily in agricultural labour.
had been strikingly successful, but in their
opinion the educational policy of the
Egyptian Government under British guidance
had been somewhat half-hearted, and it left
an impression upon their minds that a real
uplifting of the people of Egypt in the scale
m nations was not desired for political
reasons, which they urged, should not be
allowed to stand in the way of national
advancement.
The Egyptian Press.
(18). The Kanoun-al-Matbuat or the Press Law
of 1909 has produced a sobering effect on
the Egyptian Vernacular Press. At one time
there used to be about 60 Arabic papers, and
nearly the same number in European languages
in circulation in the country. The number of
the vernacular journals has considerably
decreased recently.

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Content

Papers relating to Britain’s position in Egypt at the beginning of the First World War. The papers cover: behind-the-scenes diplomatic negotiations between British Government officials and Arab and Muslim representatives; reports of anti-British or Egyptian-nationalist propaganda, much of which emanated from neutral Switzerland; and actions against British or Egyptian interests, undertaken by individuals associated with the German or Turkish Governments (Government officials, military officers, secret agents). Subjects covered include:

  • The capture and interrogation of Robert Casimir Otto Mors, a German citizen who was a Lieutenant in the Alexandria City Police, and who had been recruited as a German secret agent with plans to coordinate a bombing campaign against British interests in Egypt. Papers include transcripts of interrogations and interviews with Mors (ff 315-323, ff 326-336).
  • The activities and publications of the Club des Patriotes Egyptiens and its leader Dr M M Rifaat [Mansour Rifa’at], in Geneva, Switzerland. Papers include a pamphlet (in French) entitled L’Angleterre en decadence, published by the Club des Patriotes Egyptiens in July 1914, written by Professor L F Hoffmann, with a foreword by Rifaat (ff 250-280).
  • A report entitled Turkish Military Preparations and Political Intrigues having an attack on Egypt as their object , written by Philip Perceval Graves, former Times correspondent in Constantinople (ff 189-206).
  • Correspondence and reports relating to the situation in the western desert (Libyan desert), including a report entitled Notes on the Senussi Question , written by Wilfred Jennings Bramly, and letters exchanged between the British Government and Senussi leader El Sayed Ahmed El Sherif El Senussi [Ahmed Sharif As-Senussi] (ff 145-177).
  • Correspondence exchanged between British Government officials and Aga Khan [Sultan Muhammad Shah, Aga Khan III]. Papers include a note On the Situation in Egypt , co-authored by Aga Khan and M Abbas Ali Baig (ff 96-126).
  • Correspondence regarding Egyptians living in Switzerland, who are regarded by the British Government as being ‘agitators’ (ff 37-46).
  • Correspondence concerning an alleged plot to assassinate the Sultan of Egypt (ff 20-27).

Principal correspondents include: the Counsellor of the British Embassy at Cairo (Milne Cheetham); the British Envoy to the Swiss Confederation (Evelyn Grant-Duff); the Foreign Office (Louis du Pan Mallet); Aga Khan III (Sultan Mohammad Shah).

Extent and format
1 volume (368 folios)
Arrangement

The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the volume.

The subject 3136 (German War) consists of 6 volumes, IOR/L/PS/10/462-467. The volumes are divided into 6 parts, with each part comprising one volume.

Physical characteristics

Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 370; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio.

A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.

Written in
English and French in Latin script
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File 3136/1914 Pt 4 ‘German War. Egyptian situation’ [‎116r] (236/744), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/10/464, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100044602630.0x000025> [accessed 8 May 2024]

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