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Coll 5/8 ‘Persia: Development of Commercial Aviation — Junkers Air Service’ [139v] (278/571)
The record is made up of 1 file (284 folios). It was created in 4 Jul 1924-21 Sep 1938. It was written in English and French. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
2
7. I enclose, for convenience of reference, in addition to copies of the contract, a
brief resume of the principal articles in the contract.
Copies of this despatch and its enclosures are being sent to the Government of
India and to His Majesty’s High Commissioner for Iraq.
I have, &c.
R. H. CLIVE.
Enclosure 1 in No. 1.
Resume of the Principal Articles m the Agreement concluded between the Junkers
Aviation Company and the Persian Government.
Contract betweeyi the Junkers Company and the Minister of Posts and
Telegraphs on behalf of the Persian Government. ,
THE following are the principal points to be noted :—
Article 1.- -Parliament originally authorised the grant of a monopoly of aviation
to the Junkers Company on the three lines mentioned. We asked Persian Government
for an explanation of this, as it seemed to conflict with Persia’s obligations under the
( International Convention for Aerial Navigation. The Persian Government did not
reply, but the wording is changed in the present contract, which grants only a
monopoly of aerial transport. A note is added that makes it quite clear that Junkers
are given a monopoly of the carriage of passengers and merchandise. That seems to
rule out the possibility of an international line being established by any company but
Junkers along their three routes.
Article 5.—The question of aerodromes is one of those that have been delaying the
signature of the agreement. The War Office objected to their aerodromes being used.
Junkers now agree to maintain their own aerodromes. If Government land is
available they apparently get it rent free; otherwise they have to hire.
Article 8. - The Tehran-Kermanshah-Iraq frontier line is to begin operation one
month after the signature of the contract—about the 5th March. Tehran-Bushire does
not begin until Government asks for it.
Article II gives to the Persian Government the right to decide what passenger
fares shall be.
Article 14.—Weight of postal matter to be carried.
Article 24.—Amount to be paid to the Junkers Company from the total accruing
from the surtax, and
Article 25, the amount of subsidy, are as specified by Parliament.
Article 27 obliges the company to link up one of their Persian lines with an
international line within three months from the date of signature of the agreement.
This will presumably be either with the Russian company at Baku or Imperial Airways
at Bagdad.
Articles 31 to 35 give the conditions on which Junkers will place their pilots and
personnel at the disposal of the War Office in time of war or “ local events.” Personnel
have the option of refusing.
Article 3b.—The aviation school. Junkers apparently set up the school with
necessary machines and material. The Persian Government pays for the upkeep.
Article 39.—I cannot understand what lies behind this desire to form a Persian
commercial aviation concern.
Article 44, regarding Persia’s international obligations, has been recently inserted.
W. A. K. FRASER,
Enclosure 2 in No. 1.
Contrat du Service aerien.
CONFORMHMENT a la loi du 20 Bahman 1304, egal au 9 f'evrier 1926,
approuv^e par Sa Majeste imperiale le Chah, le l er Esfand 1304, entre le Gouvernement
imperial de Perse, represente par son Excellence Agha Hadji Mirza Ahmed Khan
Atabeki, Ministre des Postes et des Telegraphes de Perse, d’une part, et la Compagnie
J mkers-Flugzeugwerk A.G. a Dessau (Allemagne), reprbsentee par M. Edmond
About this item
- Content
The file contains correspondence and related papers concerning the development of civil aviation in Persia (referred to as Iran from 1935), its primary focus being the activities of the German company Junkers. The file covers negotiations surrounding the grant of a five year concession to Junkers in 1927 for the provision of internal air services within Persia, and the failed negotiations surrounding an attempt by the Company to renew the agreement in 1932. It therefore also contains correspondence about the subsequent withdrawal of Junkers from Persia, and subsequent attempts by Luft Hansa to replace Junkers. Correspondence in the file also discusses a proposal from Imperial Airways to establish a Trans-Persian route between the United Kingdom (UK) and India; this is mainly related to whether the experience of Junkers should be allowed to discourage this proposal.
To a lesser extent the file also covers the establishment of air mail and passenger services between Tehran and Baghdad; this ranges from a initial proposal from Airworks Limited in 1932 to the eventual establishment of a service by Iranian State Airways in 1938. Also briefly discussed is a proposal — briefly advanced by the North West Indian Trading Company — from Captain Louis Murphy in 1926 for the establishment of an air service between Duzdap [Zahedan] and Meshed [Mashhad]: see folios 155-9.
The French content includes a draft contract between the Government of Persia and Junkers dated June 1925 (see folios 205-16), a copy of the final contract (see folios 139v-143) dated 9 February 1926, and a copy of a notice on changes to Junkers' Persian air services dated 17 October 1931. Occasional extracts can also be found in French.
The main correspondents are as follows: HM Minister at Tehran, officials of the Air Ministry, and officials of the Foreign Office. The correspondence is periodically forwarded to the Under-Secretary of State for India by the Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs.
The file includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.
- Extent and format
- 1 file (284 folios)
- Arrangement
The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the file.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: The foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 285; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top centre of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio.
- Written in
- English and French in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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Coll 5/8 ‘Persia: Development of Commercial Aviation — Junkers Air Service’ [139v] (278/571), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/12/1953, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100047096798.0x000051> [accessed 7 June 2026]
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/L/PS/12/1953
- Title
- Coll 5/8 ‘Persia: Development of Commercial Aviation — Junkers Air Service’
- Pages
- 139r:143v, 205r:216v
- Author
- Unknown
- Usage terms
- The copyright status is unknown. Please contact [email protected] with any information you have regarding this item.