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File 53/1915 Part IV 'German War: Turkey; Caliphate etc' [230r] (456/481)
The record is made up of 1 item (242 folios). It was created in 1915-1916. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
13
As examples of the fifth —
Mukhtar’s campaign in the Caucasus, 1877.
1 he Macedonian campaign against the Greeks and Serbs, 1912.
Enver’s campaign in the Caucasus, 1914.
As examples of the sixth—
I he various operations of the Turks in the areas, Macedonia, Zeitun,
Dersim, Ilauran, and Yemen at various dates since 1894.
I hese characteristics which, as will be seen, appear to survive German
training, would suggest that we should (a)'endeavour to light the Turks in
tlie open on the offensive by mobile manoeuvre ; ( 6 ) where we assume a
pure defensive, endeavour to confine them to broken or mountainous
country ; and (c) avoid attacking them in secure positions.
I he key to these characteristics lies probably in the following. Turkish
commanders have, owing to tradition and jealousy, little confidence in one
another or their subordinates, consequently they hesitate to entrust anyone
with an independent action, such as an outflanking march combined with a
holding atiack.
The backbone of the Turkish army is composed of Anatolians, who are
extremely brave but very slow thinkers and movers; a preconceived notion
of the enemy’s position gets in their heads, and an unexpected development
puts them in a panic. Turkish armies once away from railhead are weak in
transport organisation, and supplies are liable to be lost and plundered.
1 hese factors are beyond the control of German organisation.
About this item
- Content
Part 4 consists of correspondence relating to the possible declaration of a caliphate in Arabia and is a continuation of part 3 (IOR/L/PS/10/525/1). The papers tell of the British assessment of the situation and the French attitude, as well as correspondence and negotiations with Ḥusayn bin ‘Alī al-Hāshimī, the Grand Sharif of Mecca. The file also discusses the British view of the proposed blockade of the Arabian ports in the Red Sea.
The file also includes a printed document (ff 25-242) marked 'secret' entitled 'Policy in the Middle East', which consists mainly of communications on the military situation in Mespotamia from Lieutenant-Colonel Sir Mark Sykes to the Director of Military Information.
The discussion over such matters is mostly between Sir Arthur Henry McMahon, the General Officer Commanding, Egypt, and the Commander-in-Chief, India.
- Extent and format
- 1 item (242 folios)
- Arrangement
The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front.
- Written in
- English in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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File 53/1915 Part IV 'German War: Turkey; Caliphate etc' [230r] (456/481), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/10/525/2, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100054091590.0x000042> [accessed 7 May 2024]
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/L/PS/10/525/2
- Title
- File 53/1915 Part IV 'German War: Turkey; Caliphate etc'
- Pages
- 3r:14v, 15ar, 15r:65v, 72r:78v, 80v:125v, 129r:129v, 131r:172v, 179r:184v, 188r:188v, 190r:196r, 198r:203r, 204v:242v
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence