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Coll 6/67(1) 'Boundaries of South-Eastern Arabia and Qatar.' [276v] (557/794)
The record is made up of 1 volume (392 folios). It was created in 13 Jun 1934-13 Dec 1934. It was written in English and Arabic. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
38
Article VI. Ibn Saud undertakes,
as his fathers did before him, to refrain
from all aggression on or interference
with the territories of Koweit,
Bahrain, Qatar and the Oman coast,
or other tribes and Chiefs who are
under the protection of the British
Government, and the limits of whose
territories shall be hereafter deter
mined.
Article VI. Ibn Saud undertakes,
as his fathers did before him, to refrain
from all aggression on or interference,^
with the territories of Koweit, Bahrain,'
the Sheikhs of Qatar and the Oman
coast who are under the protection of
the Exalted Government and have
treaty relations, and the limits of their
territories shall be hereafter deter
mined.
P. 2966/15. 184. H.M. Government gave Sir Percy Cox a discretion as regards the
alternatives suggested by Ibn Saud.
P. 722/16.
P. 668/16.
3.1.16.
Aitch. XII,
No. ii,
pp. 206-8.
f
A greement between Ibn Rashid and Ibn Saud, KEA June 1915.
185. On the 10th June 1915 Ibn Saud reached an agreement with Saud bin
Abdul Iziz Ibn Rashid. Its terms are of some interest as showing^ the extent
at the time of Ibn Sand’s tribal claims. The agreement provided “ that Nejd
and all the interior from A1 Kahaf to the valley of Duwasir and all territories
of Ibn Saud and the encampments of Matair, Ataiba, Harb, Bani Abdulla,
Ajman, A1 Morra, A1 Manasir, Bani Hajer, Sabia, A1 Sahul, Qahtauf, and A1
Duwasir, and everybody included among them, are subjects of Ibn Saud. I,
Ibn Rashid, have nothing to do with them ”
Treaty of ^th December 1915 between H.M. Government and Ibn Saud.
186. After further discussions between Sir Percy Cox and Ibn Saud, a treaty
P.R. to G. of was finally signed on 26th December 1915. The Saudi draft of Article I, as set
I., No. 35 0., out in paragraph 183 above, was accepted. It appeared that the reason for the
Saudi version was that Jubail was the locality where Ibn Saud’s limits on the
coast approached those claimed by Koweit, and that for that reason he wished to
have it specified. As it was well outside the boundary accepted by H.M. Govern
ment for Koweit in their negotiations with the Turks, Sir Percy Cox saw no
objection to its acceptance.
187. In the case of Article VI, the Saudi draft, with a very slight verbal
modification, was accepted. In its final form it ran as follows :—
“ Ibn Saud undertakes, as his fathers did before him, to refrain from all
aggression on or interference with the territories of Koweit, Bahrain, and
of the Sheikhs of Katr and the Oman coast, who are under the protection
of the British Government and who have treaty relations with the said
Government, and the limits of their territories shall be hereafter determined.”
The words “ other chiefs and tribes ” proposed in the original British draft
quoted in paragraph 183 above were omitted in deference to Ibn Saud’s state
ment that the several chiefs whom we did protect and had relations with were
all mentioned, so that the words in question seemed unnecessary.
188. In Article VII, -which provided that a further detailed treaty should
be concluded “ in regard to other matters jointly concerning ” the British Govern
ment and Ibn Saud, Ibn Saud successfully pressed for the omission of the word
“other.” He pointed out that some of the matters such as boundaries were
among those already alluded to in the present treaty, so that there seemed no
need to say “ other.”
189. From the above it will be seen that it was H.M. Government who them
selves suggested the inclusion in the treaty of a provision for the subsequent
determination and definition of the boundaries of the
Persian Gulf
The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran.
States, our
special relations with which Ibn Saud undertook to respect.
Construction of Articles I and II of Treaty of 1915.
190. During 1916 Sharif Husain of Mecca wrote to Ibn Saud asking for
an alliance and assistance. This overture was reported to Sir Percy Cox by the
Amir of Nejd, who expressed mistrust of the Sharif’s intentions. As a result,
Sir Percy Cox recommended on 8th September 1916 that Ibn Saud should be
About this item
- Content
This volume primarily concerns British policy regarding the south-eastern boundaries of Saudi Arabia.
It includes interdepartmental discussion regarding the approach that the British Government should take in reaching a settlement with King Ibn Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd] over the demarcation of the boundaries.
Much of the correspondence discusses the legal and international position of what is referred to as the 'blue line' (the frontier which marked the Ottoman Government's renunciation of its claims to Bahrain and Qatar, as laid down in the non-ratified Anglo-Ottoman Convention of 1913 and redefined and adopted in the Anglo-Ottoman convention of the following year), a line which is not accepted by Ibn Saud as being binding upon his government.
The volume features the following principal correspondents: His Majesty's Minister at Jedda (Sir Andrew Ryan); the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. (Lieutenant-Colonel Trenchard Craven William Fowle); the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. , Kuwait (Lieutenant-Colonel Harold Richard Patrick Dickson); the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. , Bahrain (Lieutenant-Colonel Percy Gordon Loch); the Chief Commissioner, Aden (Bernard Rawdon Reilly, referred to in the correspondence as Resident); the Secretary of State for the Colonies (Sir Philip Cunliffe-Lister); the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (Sir John Simon); the Saudi Ministry of Foreign Affairs; officials of the India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. , the Foreign Office, the Colonial Office, the War Office, and the Air Ministry.
Matters discussed in the correspondence include the following:
- Whether the British should press Ibn Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd] for a general settlement of all outstanding major questions.
- The extent of territory that the British should be prepared to include in any concession made to Ibn Saud.
- The British response to what are referred to as Ibn Saud's 'ancestral claims' to territories east of the blue line.
- Sir Andrew Ryan's meetings with Ibn Saud in Taif, in July 1934.
- Meetings held at the Foreign Office between Sir Andrew Ryan, George Rendel (Head of the Foreign Office's Eastern Department), Fuad Bey Hamza (Deputy Minister for Saudi Foreign Affairs), and Hafiz Wahba (Saudi Arabian Minister in London), in September 1934.
- The boundaries of a proposed 'desert zone', suggested by Rendel, where Ibn Saud would hold personal rather than territorial rights.
- Saudi-Qatari relations.
- Whether tribal boundaries should be considered as a possible solution to the boundary question.
Also included are the following:
- Two copies of an India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. memorandum entitled 'Historical Memorandum on the Relations of the Wahabi Amirs and Ibn Saud with Eastern Arabia and the British Government, 1800-1934', dated 26 September 1934.
- Copies of the minutes of meetings of the Committee of Imperial Defence's Standing Official Sub-Committee for Questions Concerning the Middle East, dated 8 November 1934 and 12 September 1934.
- A copy of a report by Bertram Thomas regarding a Trans-Oman air route reconnaissance, which was undertaken in May-June 1927.
The Arabic material consists of one item of correspondence (an English translation is included).
The volume includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the volume by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence (folio 4).
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (392 folios)
- Arrangement
The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the volume.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 394; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
- Written in
- English and Arabic in Latin and Arabic script View the complete information for this record
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- Reference
- IOR/L/PS/12/2134
- Title
- Coll 6/67(1) 'Boundaries of South-Eastern Arabia and Qatar.'
- Pages
- front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, 2r:197v, 199r:199v, 201r:281v, 283r:328v, 340r:362v, 363ar, 363r:389v, 390ar, 390r:393v, back-i
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence