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'Military report on Tehran and adjacent Provinces of North-West Persia (including the Caspian Littoral)' [173r] (350/610)
The record is made up of 1 volume (301 folios). It was created in 1922. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
( 311 )
CHAPTER VIH.
Tribes.
General
309-13
oj Mazandaran
1. Abdul Maliki
. 314
2. Kurd-u-Turk
. 315
3. Khwajahvand
. 316
of Gildn.
4. Amarlu
. 319
5. Khamseh-i-Tavalish
. 320
of Khalkhdl
6 . Shatranlu .
. 322
7. Quluqujanlu
. 322
of Khamseh
8 . Duvairan
322
9. Afshar
323
of Kazvln
10. Chigini .
# #
324
11 . Ghiasvand
, #
325
12 . Kakavand
#
325
13. Rashvand
# #
326
14. Ma’afi .
326
of Kharqgdn and Saveh
15. Inanlu
#
327
16. Baghdadi]
• • •
329
The great and powerful tribes of Persia are located in Azar- General,
baljan, Kurdistan, Luristan, Bakbtiarx land and Pars, at a
distance from Tehran, where the Central Government, unless
directed by a strong ruler, has been unable to exercise authority
over 1 them. In this area of North-West Persia, on the contrary,
owing to its proximity to the capital, tribal chiefs have been more
amenable to control and influenced by contact with town life.
Moreover the tribes are not indigenous to it, but, with the excep
tion of some of the Turki tribes in Kharagan and Saveh, have
been transplanted into it comparatively recently by Shahs of
Persia, especially Shah Abbas, Nadir Shah and Agha Muham
mad Khan Kajar, from their homes in Azarbaijan, Kurdistan
or Luristan to form a defence against invaders or overawe tur
bulent districts, or as a punishment to weaken a rebellious or
overpowerful tribe by removal of a part of it to new surround
ings, where it could be readily controlled.
For defence against the Turkomans several tribes were
settled in Astarabad and the east of Mazandaran by Agha
Muhammad Khan Kajar at the end of the 18th century. The
Shahsavans (he. Shah loving) found in Azarbaijan and scattered
through Khamseh and Kharagan to Saveh, are a combination of
Azarbaijan Turki tribes united by Shah Abbas in the first
quarter of the 17th century against rebellious Kizil Bash tribes
residing in those regions. Similarly the Khwajahvand Kurdi
1 Their irregular cavalry used to constitute the strength of the Persian Army
and the tribes were chiefly concerned in the dynastic wars of the 18th century
The only instance of a tribe playing an Important part in recent Persian history
is the Bakhtian advance to Tehran in 1909 and the deposition of Muhammad AH
Shah. Prom 1909 to 1911 the constitutional Government was dependant on
their support, but after the final defeat of Muhammad All in 1911 they withdrew
to Bakhtiari land. As the result of the weakening of the Central Government
since the revolution the big tribes, like the Shahsavans have got quite out of hand.
About this item
- Content
Military report compiled by Captain LS Fortescue of the General Staff of the Mesopotamia Expeditionary Force and printed in Calcutta at the Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1922.
The volume begins with a statement defining the geographical area covered by the report. The report is divided into ten chapters, plus appendices, each concerning a different subject, as follows:
- Chapter 1: History
- Chapter 2: Geography
- Chapter 3: Climate, Water, Medical and Aviation
- Chapter 4: Ethnography
- Chapter 5: Administration (including a table of provinces with administrative details (folios 123-30)
- Chapter 6: Armed Forces of the Persian Government
- Chapter 7: Economic Resources
- Chapter 8: Tribes
- Chapter 9: Personalities
- Chapter 10: Communications
- Appendices: Glossary of terms; Weights, measures and coinage; Bibliography; Historical sketch (Chapter 1) continued from June 1920 to the end of 1921
At the back of the volume (folio 302) is a map to illustrate the report.
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (301 folios)
- Arrangement
There is a contents page (folio 5) and list of illustrations (folio 6) at the front of the volume and an index at the back (folios 270-300). All refer to the volume's original pagination. The index also includes map references of all places marked on the map.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 303; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio.
Pagination: the file also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
- Written in
- English in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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'Military report on Tehran and adjacent Provinces of North-West Persia (including the Caspian Littoral)' [173r] (350/610), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/23, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100059348671.0x000097> [accessed 15 July 2026]
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/L/MIL/17/15/23
- Title
- 'Military report on Tehran and adjacent Provinces of North-West Persia (including the Caspian Littoral)'
- Pages
- front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, 2r:301v, back-i
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence