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Coll 30/90 'Persian claim to the island of Bahrain' [110r] (224/1062)
The record is made up of 1 file in 3 parts (519 folios). It was created in 25 May 1934-23 Sep 1948. It was written in English and French. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
1
/ A
Summary, 1880-92
116. The Turkish claim was again pressed vigorously durino' this neriod
and was consistently rejected by Her Majesty’s Government. & k P ^
the matter^k ra ^ SeC ^ t ^ ie O^stion of the Persian claim in 1886, but did not press
Alajesty’s Government 11 entered int ° hiS SeC ° nd Exclusive A S reement with
XII. 1892-1913. From the Second Exclusive Agreement to the Anglo-Turkish
Convention of 1913
British repudiations of Turkish Claims, 1892-98
m. In 1895 steps were taken at Constantinople by Her Majesty’s Govern
ment to check an attempted invasion of Bahrein from Qatar, which seemed not
improbably to have been inspired by the Turks, and later in the same year Her
Majesty s Government twice reiterated to the Porte that Bahrein was under
British protection and that no interference with it would be tolerated. The
v lT^Y s l1 oP ^ el s Government on the status of the island were again
omcially repeated^ at Constantinople on two occasions in 1896. In 1897 the Con
stantinople Boar a of Health proposed to establish a sanitary post in Bahrein.
The proposal was abandoned on the objections of the British delegate who
represented that Bahrein was an independent principality under British
protection.
118. In 1898 a Turkish request that a British Vice-Consul alleged to have
been appointed at Bahrein should apply to the Turkish Government for his
exequatur was refused on the ground that Her Majesty’s Government could
not admit the right of the Turkish Government to insist that a British Consular
Officer in Bahrein should be provided with a Turkish exequatur. In 1899 the
Minister at Tehran informed the French representative at that capital that
since 1880 the Sheikh was precluded by treaty from holding direct relations
with any Power other than Her Majesty’s Government and that his subjects
abroad were now under British protection.
119. A native British Agent had for a long period of years been maintained
m Bahrein. In 1900 a British
Political Agent
A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency.
was appointed at Bahrein. The
post has been maintained since that date, and has been filled by an officer of the
Indian Political Department since 1904.
Lor. I, 935.
Lor. I, 935.
1
<
The Incident of 1901
120. On 31st August, 1901 Va Belgian customs official in the service of the Lor i 935-6
Persian Government visited Bahrein, where he called on the Sheikh and informed
him that he had been deputed by the Shah to obtain his consent to place Persian
custom officials in Bahrein. An official protest was at once made by His Majesty’s
Minister to the Persian Government in the course of which Sir A. Hardinge
remarked that no intimation had been given to the
Political Resident
A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency.
in the
Persian Gulf
The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran.
“ of this Persian mission to an Arab State under British protec
tion and bound by special treaties, of which the Persian Government cannot be
ignorant, to the Government of India .... It is my duty to place on record Teh. Desp.
in the clearest manner that His Majesty the Emperor of India cannot acquiesce
in any foreign interference in the affairs of Bahrein .... and that any attempt
to disturb the relations established by treaties of long standing between those
Chiefs and the Government of India will be regarded as an unfriendly act.”
The Attabeg-i-Azam, in a note received on 17th September, 1901, replied:
“As I have told you verbally, M. Simais has had no instructions from the
Persian Government on this matter, and if there have been any steps on his
part it must have been by mistake and he will be reprimanded for it.”
The Disorders of 1904-05
121. In 1904-05, consequent on a series of attacks on Persians and on Lor. 1, 938-42.
German subjects in Bahrein, the Persians appealed to the Shah. The Persian
Government replied that His Majesty’s Government would take action on their
behalf. The text of their telegram was as follows: “To the Merchants and
Traders of the High Government living in Bahrein. Your telegram on the
subject of the assaults which have been made upon you by the Arab roughs of
Bahrein has been received. Certainly let your minds be at rest. Consultations
85—177 E 2
00
About this item
- Content
The file concerns the claim of the Government of Iran (generally referred to as the Government of Persia) to territorial sovereignty over Bahrein [Bahrain].
The papers include: the Iranian claim in the light of the Bahrain oil concession; representations by the Government of Iran to the League of Nations, and the involvement of League in the dispute; summary of diplomatic correspondence, 1927-29 (folios 506-511); India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. 'Historical Memorandum on Bahrein', dated 14 July 1934 - a historical summary of the political status of Bahrain, and Persian claims to sovereignty; the submission of the question by the India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. to the Law Officers of the Crown, 1934 (folios 466-472), and the report of the Law Officers of the Crown (folios 400-403), stating their opinion that Persia had no rights of sovereignty or suzerainty over Bahrain; the view of the Foreign Office (subsequently adopted) that references in public pronouncements to the independence of Bahrain needed to be qualified by the statement that the ruler was 'in special treaty relations with His Majesty's Government' (folios 378-380); the status of Tamb and Abu Musa (folio 361); the imposition of Iranian import duty on aviation oil supplied to Bahrain (folios 315-316); the views of the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. on the dangers of submitting the question to international arbitration (folios 308-314); similarities to the dispute between the United States of America (USA) and the Netherlands over Palmas Island [Miangas or Palmas, Indonesia] (e.g. folios 306-307); the views of the Government of Saudi Arabia (folios 268-270); the issue of passports and visas; transcripts of articles in support of the Iranian position in the Iranian and Arabic language press; the effect of the Bahrain nationality and property laws; Italian propaganda in support of the Iranian claim (folio 243); comparison with the Falkland Islands (folio 210); the refusal of the Iranian postal authorities to accept mails from Bahrain (folio 186); the involvement of the United Nations Organisation; Foreign Office 'Memorandum on Bahrein', dated 13 January 1947, substantially based on the India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. 'Historical Memorandum on Bahrein' of 1934 (folios 97-126); Soviet propaganda over Bahrain (folio 57); the presence in Tehran of a person claiming to represent the Bahrain National Party (folios 50-54); and correspondence dated 1948 concerning the size and position of the Persian community in Bahrain, including a letter on the subject from Charles Dalrymple Belgrave, Adviser to the Government of Bahrain (folios 25-37).
The file contains significant correspondence from the Foreign Office, HM Minister, Tehran (later the British Ambassador to Tehran), and the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. .
The French language content of the file consists of approximately thirty folios of diplomatic correspondence and newspaper extracts.
The file also contains copies of earlier correspondence, dated 1927-31.
The file includes a divider, which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.
- Extent and format
- 1 file in 3 parts (519 folios)
- Arrangement
The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the file.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: this file consists of three physical parts. The foliation sequence commences at the front cover of part one with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover of part three with 525; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 2-524; these numbers are printed, but are not circled.
- Written in
- English and French in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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Coll 30/90 'Persian claim to the island of Bahrain' [110r] (224/1062), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/12/3810, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100059426984.0x000025> [accessed 7 May 2024]
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/L/PS/12/3810
- Title
- Coll 30/90 'Persian claim to the island of Bahrain'
- Pages
- front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, 2r:29v, 38r:50v, 53r:117v, 118v, 121v:122v, 126r:149v, 152r:166v, 169v:177v, back-i, front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, 180r:197v, 199r:209v, 210v, 211v:221v, 223r:227v, 230r:231v, 233v:234v, 235v, 235r, 236r:238v, 240r:240v, 242r:245v, 247r:248v, 250r:251v, 255r:257v, 262r:272v, 274r:276v, 280r:280v, 282v:294v, 295v:345v, 348r:350v, back-i, front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, 353r:374v, 378r:394v, 396r:424v, 427r:427v, 428v, 431v:433v, 440r:443v, 445r:446v, 448r:450v, 452r:454v, 457r:494r, 496r:501v, 509v:513v, 515r:518v, 520r:524v, back-i
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence