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Coll 6/8(1) 'Printed Series: 1929 to 1938.' [‎111v] (227/1062)

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The record is made up of 1 volume (527 folios). It was created in 6 Jan 1929-15 Jan 1938. It was written in English and French. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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r y r fwa^i <u *
22
2 The peninsula of Aden proper, extending to Khormaksar, was vested in the
r> ' « r,nrt of India by the Government of India Act of 1858. In 1868 the
Grown, as p ^ ’ ni ^ sula of j a bal Ihsan, or Little Aden, were acquired by
purchase and in 1882 the flat strip of coast was also purchased. All the above
temtory forms the Aden Settlement and is part of British India.
8 Perim was occupied in 1799, was subsequently abandoned, but was
reoccunied in 1857 . It is attached to the Aden Settlement for administrative pur-
poses The remairder of the territory is a British Protectorate.
(23)
(Received on 30th March 1935, with Political Secretary's letter No. 11, dated 14th
1 March 1935.)
Enclosure in Foreign 0 lice covering letter dated 8th March 1935.
Tvtfceam from the Foreign Office, to H s Majesty’s Ambassador, Rome,
No. 163, DATED THE 6TH MARCH 1930.
The Air Ministiy wish to send a training flight of five Victoria VI aircraft from
Cairo to Aden and back during the present month The aircraft will follow the
Red Sea air route, and will stop to refuel at Hurghada, Hassa, Port Sudan,
Massawa end pos i Ay. Perim.
Please inform the Ita kn Government and request the necessary facilities for
the flight along the coast of Eritrea and the stop at Massawa, where, Air Ministry
will arrange for laying down stoe ks of aviation fuel. Details of actual dates, etc.,
will be furnished as soon as possible. (End of R.)
It is very important that this training flight should take place at an early date
and you should do your best to secure favourable reply as soon as as possible. In
view of the number of occasions recently on which we have granted facilities for
Italian military flights across Egypt and the Sudan, I am confident Italian Govern:
ment will be glad to co-operate.
m
(Received on 13th April 1935, with Politic il Secretary's letter No. 13, dated 28th March
v 1935.)
Enclosure in Foreign Office covering letter dated 2Cth March 1935.
Letter from His Majesty’s Minister, Jedda, to the Foreign Office,
No. 4-Conf., dated the 7th January 1935.
I have the honour to refer to my confidential despatch No. 204, of the 2nd
July last [Serial No. (78) in File No. 17-N/34] relative to the activities of
Mr. K. S. Twitehell, representative of the Saudi Arabia Mining Syndicate
(limited), and to Jedda report for December 1934 (on File No. 72 -N/ 34 )|para-
graph 304 and preceding reports, where the varying fortunes of Mr. Twitched,
(ngaged over a period of some six months in negotiating with the Saudi Arab
Government a concession to exploit minerals in. this country, have been periodi
cally recorded. The successful conclusion of these negotiations was noticed in
th e repor t under reference and was announced in th e Mecca Umm-al-Qura of the
28th Decem.ber in a short article which described the concession, signed on the
23rd Decem.ber 1934, as one for the exploitation of the gold and other mineral
resources of the country, with the exception of oil and other liquids, over a res
tricted area. The agreement, the article stated, would shortly be ratified, and
thereafter the text would be published.
2. Pending the publication of the text of the concession, the following parti
culars, part y disclosed in conversation by Mr. Twitchell himself, and partly reced
ed from other sources, are of interest: (a) The Government are to be assigned la
per cent, of the shares in any companies to be formed to work particular concessions,
a provision which it is gathered, proved unplat able to Mr. Twitchell, who favours
the assignment of 15 per cent, of the initial nominal capital rather than 15 per
cent, of shares actually issued, as and when issued, a point on. which he found nim-
self obliged to yield. Mr. Twitchell stated that he successfully resisted the desire
of the Saudi Government to participate, to the extent of 15 per cent, of the shaies.
P

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Content

This volume compiles printed copies of letters, telegrams, memoranda and newspaper extracts relating to Britain's involvement across the Arabian Peninsula during the period 1929-1938. Whilst the correspondence encompasses all matters concerning British interests in the region, much of it relates to Ibn Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd] and the Kingdom of the Hejaz and Nejd (later Saudi Arabia). Matters discussed in the correspondence include the following:

  • Reports of unrest in the Hejaz.
  • Relations between Imam Yeha Hamid-Ud-Din [Yaḥyá Muḥammad Ḥamīd al-Dīn, Imam of Yemen] and Ibn Saud.
  • Reports of raids and arms trafficking on the Transjordan Used in three contexts: the geographical region to the east of the River Jordan (literally ‘across the River Jordan’); a British protectorate (1921-46); an independent political entity (1946-49) now known as Jordan -Nejd frontier.
  • Reports of the proceedings of British naval ships in the Red Sea.
  • Details of the Akhwan [Ikhwan] revolt against Ibn Saud, including the movements of one of the revolt's leaders, Faisal Dawish [Fayṣal bin Sulṭān al-Dawīsh], and his surrender to the British in Kuwait.
  • Relations between Kuwait and Nejd.
  • Relations between Iraq and Nejd, including a proposed meeting between Ibn Saud and King Faisal [Fayṣal] of Iraq, and reports of a treaty of alliance between Iraq and Saudi Arabia.
  • Objections from the Hejaz Government to Royal Air Force aircraft flying over Nejd territory.
  • The purchase of arms by the Hejaz Government from Poland.
  • Ibn Saud's annexation of Asir.
  • The death of King Hussein [Ḥusayn bin ‘Alī al-Hāshimī].
  • Harry St John Bridger Philby's conversion to Islam, his mapping of Rub-al-Khali, and his reported spreading of Saudi propaganda in the Aden Protectorate.
  • The currency exchange crisis in the Hejaz-Nejd and the financial situation in the kingdom generally.
  • Reports on a survey of the water and mineral content of the Hejaz coastal area.
  • Relations between Soviet Russia and Saudi Arabia.
  • The emigration of Jews from Yemen to Palestine, via Aden.
  • British fears that Italy might harbour ambitions to annex Yemen.
  • Saudi oil concessions.
  • Italian-Saudi relations.

Prominent correspondents include the following: the British Agent (later His Majesty's Chargé d’Affaires) at Jeddah; His Majesty's Minister at Jeddah; the High Commissioner for Egypt; the High Commissioner for Iraq; the High Commissioner for Transjordan Used in three contexts: the geographical region to the east of the River Jordan (literally ‘across the River Jordan’); a British protectorate (1921-46); an independent political entity (1946-49) now known as Jordan ; the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. , Kuwait; the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. (later Chief Commissioner, and later still, Governor), Aden; the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. ; His Majesty's Ambassador to Iraq; His Majesty's Ambassador to Italy; the Secretary of State for the Colonies; the Minister (and Acting Minister) for Foreign Affairs for the Kingdom of the Hejaz and Nejd (later Saudi Arabia); Ibn Saud; King Feisal of Iraq; the Prime Minister of Iraq; various officials of the Colonial Office, the Foreign Office, the Air Ministry, and the Admiralty.

The French material in the volume consists of several items of correspondence and a copy of a treaty between France and Yemen, which was signed in April 1936.

The volume includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the volume by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.

Extent and format
1 volume (527 folios)
Arrangement

The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the volume.

The items of correspondence are divided (roughly) into various sections. Each extract or item of correspondence within these sections has its own number, which is enclosed in brackets. These numbers proceed in ascending (and approximate chronological) order from left to right; however, the sections themselves proceed in reverse, from the rear to the front of the volume, in distinct groups (e.g. for 1929 numbers 1-23, which are located at folios 517-526, are followed by numbers 24-49 at folios 509-516, which are then followed by numbers 50-89 at folios 494-508, and so on).

Physical characteristics

Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 529; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio.

Pagination: each section of correspondence within the volume (as described in the arrangement field) has its own pagination sequence.

Written in
English and French in Latin script
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Coll 6/8(1) 'Printed Series: 1929 to 1938.' [‎111v] (227/1062), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/12/2071, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100061765164.0x00001c> [accessed 25 April 2024]

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