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Coll 6/8(1) 'Printed Series: 1929 to 1938.' [‎270v] (545/1062)

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The record is made up of 1 volume (527 folios). It was created in 6 Jan 1929-15 Jan 1938. It was written in English and French. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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53
. 1 • T /rn /"it* ohnnt the 17th April with his wife, an English-
He arrived m Jedda on or about /tn April gince tha ^ date
woman, and was ie . ^ Vnade two iourneys inland. I have not been
S^^thhet^r they have been far iron,
On the 24th
Lum^th u'e support of a citation from an Italian orientalist the
common telief in the barrenness of the Arabian Peninsula, refers to Ibn
Sand s effmts to improve the country in
ticular, of two out of many schemes, namely the ^nkm„ ot a s U
and orosnecting for minerals, and says that for the former purposes tne
K^u/hafnow brought an expert, who is making experiments in the
King has now ,,1 re f ers to Mr. Twitchell, whose visit is
vicinity of Jedda, Ihis obviously rcieib tu i. “tt™™ oi o nrn ”
mentioned in the news columns of the same issue of the Umm-ai ^ura
4 I have little doubt that a systematic survey for water would pro
duce appreciable results in various parts of the country. I doubt, how
ever the Kind’s capacity for directing it with the necessary comprehen-
sion and perseverance, aL still more his willingness to give any orei^
pvnert a sufficiently free hand to achieve much. As for mining the pros-
pehs are even more nebulous. Until the “Umm-al-Qura” article appear
ed T had heard of no definite scheme, but when the Commissioner of Po
Sudan was vTsIting here early in March Mr. Philby told him that the King
had decided on a geological survey of the country, with a ^w I gathe: ,
to concessions being eventually given subject to suitable safeguard*.
5. If Ibn Sand knows little about how to set about applying modern
contrivances to the development of latent water resources, e is pto a y
infinitely mode ignorant of the difficulties surrounding the location and ex
ploitation of minerals in a country like this. In opinion , e c m
terest at present of the matters mentioned m this despatch is the indication
they afford of an inclination on Ibn Sand’s part to explore tentative^ pos
sibilities of economic development. However little grasp he may ha\e
the conditions necessary to achieve real success m that direction, he is q
intelligent enough to realise the need for some new basis of prosperity it
the country is to hold its own. So far as the Hejaz is concerned, its almost
complete dependence on the pilgrimage as its sole industry is a pate
source of weakness; and the weakness has never in recent years
patent as during the present season, which has brought only some 4U,tuu
pilgrims from overseas to Mecca.
6 I am sending copies of this despatch to the political resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. m
Aden,' who is interested in Mr. Twitchell, and to the Department of Over-
np-v*/-i
(61)
(Received on 12th July 1931, with Political Secretary’s letter No. 26, dated
25th June 1931.)
Telegram P., from His Majesty’s Minister, Jedda, to the Foreign
Office, No. 155, dated the 30th May 1931.
(Kepeated to Cairo, 181, Khartoum, 182.)
Please see my despatch to Cairo of 30th June, copy of which was sent
in my despatch No. 154.
It is stated by Under Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs t
Senussi, whom he describes as Hejazi subject now, and who is wl “ in £
submit to any conditions imposed by His Majesty’s Government seeks P_
mission to visit Sudan by reason of health. He might stay there tor ^
fime up to one year but does not wish to settle permanently. He salt i

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Content

This volume compiles printed copies of letters, telegrams, memoranda and newspaper extracts relating to Britain's involvement across the Arabian Peninsula during the period 1929-1938. Whilst the correspondence encompasses all matters concerning British interests in the region, much of it relates to Ibn Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd] and the Kingdom of the Hejaz and Nejd (later Saudi Arabia). Matters discussed in the correspondence include the following:

  • Reports of unrest in the Hejaz.
  • Relations between Imam Yeha Hamid-Ud-Din [Yaḥyá Muḥammad Ḥamīd al-Dīn, Imam of Yemen] and Ibn Saud.
  • Reports of raids and arms trafficking on the Transjordan Used in three contexts: the geographical region to the east of the River Jordan (literally ‘across the River Jordan’); a British protectorate (1921-46); an independent political entity (1946-49) now known as Jordan -Nejd frontier.
  • Reports of the proceedings of British naval ships in the Red Sea.
  • Details of the Akhwan [Ikhwan] revolt against Ibn Saud, including the movements of one of the revolt's leaders, Faisal Dawish [Fayṣal bin Sulṭān al-Dawīsh], and his surrender to the British in Kuwait.
  • Relations between Kuwait and Nejd.
  • Relations between Iraq and Nejd, including a proposed meeting between Ibn Saud and King Faisal [Fayṣal] of Iraq, and reports of a treaty of alliance between Iraq and Saudi Arabia.
  • Objections from the Hejaz Government to Royal Air Force aircraft flying over Nejd territory.
  • The purchase of arms by the Hejaz Government from Poland.
  • Ibn Saud's annexation of Asir.
  • The death of King Hussein [Ḥusayn bin ‘Alī al-Hāshimī].
  • Harry St John Bridger Philby's conversion to Islam, his mapping of Rub-al-Khali, and his reported spreading of Saudi propaganda in the Aden Protectorate.
  • The currency exchange crisis in the Hejaz-Nejd and the financial situation in the kingdom generally.
  • Reports on a survey of the water and mineral content of the Hejaz coastal area.
  • Relations between Soviet Russia and Saudi Arabia.
  • The emigration of Jews from Yemen to Palestine, via Aden.
  • British fears that Italy might harbour ambitions to annex Yemen.
  • Saudi oil concessions.
  • Italian-Saudi relations.

Prominent correspondents include the following: the British Agent (later His Majesty's Chargé d’Affaires) at Jeddah; His Majesty's Minister at Jeddah; the High Commissioner for Egypt; the High Commissioner for Iraq; the High Commissioner for Transjordan Used in three contexts: the geographical region to the east of the River Jordan (literally ‘across the River Jordan’); a British protectorate (1921-46); an independent political entity (1946-49) now known as Jordan ; the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. , Kuwait; the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. (later Chief Commissioner, and later still, Governor), Aden; the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. ; His Majesty's Ambassador to Iraq; His Majesty's Ambassador to Italy; the Secretary of State for the Colonies; the Minister (and Acting Minister) for Foreign Affairs for the Kingdom of the Hejaz and Nejd (later Saudi Arabia); Ibn Saud; King Feisal of Iraq; the Prime Minister of Iraq; various officials of the Colonial Office, the Foreign Office, the Air Ministry, and the Admiralty.

The French material in the volume consists of several items of correspondence and a copy of a treaty between France and Yemen, which was signed in April 1936.

The volume includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the volume by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.

Extent and format
1 volume (527 folios)
Arrangement

The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the volume.

The items of correspondence are divided (roughly) into various sections. Each extract or item of correspondence within these sections has its own number, which is enclosed in brackets. These numbers proceed in ascending (and approximate chronological) order from left to right; however, the sections themselves proceed in reverse, from the rear to the front of the volume, in distinct groups (e.g. for 1929 numbers 1-23, which are located at folios 517-526, are followed by numbers 24-49 at folios 509-516, which are then followed by numbers 50-89 at folios 494-508, and so on).

Physical characteristics

Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 529; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio.

Pagination: each section of correspondence within the volume (as described in the arrangement field) has its own pagination sequence.

Written in
English and French in Latin script
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Coll 6/8(1) 'Printed Series: 1929 to 1938.' [‎270v] (545/1062), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/12/2071, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100061765165.0x000092> [accessed 28 March 2024]

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