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Coll 28/112A ‘Persia. Tabriz – Monthly despatches of internal situation in Azerbaijan & misc. reports.’ [266r] (534/1237)
The record is made up of 1 file (615 folios). It was created in 16 Dec 1941-6 Mar 1946. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
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COPY of ia.nut« by Mias A.K. . Lambton, Preaa
Attach^ to tha British iinbasay, Tehr^h* *'
.• .a .4.
Kurdlsh-Ruaal &n He la M ona •
! 1944
-4* -^ryt^^rrrKr^im
I recently travelled through part of Azerbaijan
and Kurdistan, going from Tabriz to Eermanabah via
Miyanduab, Mah&bad, Saqqiz and Sanandaj. The dividing
line between the "Persian* and "Russian" zones was some
where between ^iyanduab and Saqqiz* The last Russian
military control post was in Miyanduab; Persian soldiers,
gendarmerie and police were in evidence in Saqqlz*
In the Russian area from ourside Tabriz up to and
including ^iyanduab and Mahabad the towns and villages
were full of heavily armed Kurds. I saw no Persian
police or gendarmerie. The few Kurds I talked to in
this area, all spoke of Kurdish independence with enthusiasm.
One, a merchant in /VJiyanduab whose real interests can hardly
have lain in an independent Kurdistan, said an independent
Kurdistan, however poor, and whatever sacrifices its
establishment would involve, would be better than the
present situation. Such an independent Kurdistan would,
of course, he said, require advisers for finance and other
matters. In Mahabad Qazl Muhammad, a local Kurd, brother
of the deputy for that area, appeared to be the chief local
power. My impression was that he was working in close
contact with the Russians*, and doing what he could to
undermine the influence and authority of the Persian
officials. There were rumours of secret meetings of
Kurdish chieftains under his leadership. He openly spoie
of having succeeded in getting rid of Colonel Hushmand
who had been sent to Mahabad to establish a garrison there
by the Iranian Government. (Hushmand incidentally had
been in R&habad during the time of Reza Shah and seemed
to have a bad reputation, though whether this was put about
by his enemies or not, I oannot say). A Kurdish newspaper,
alleged to be printed secretly, is published. Qazl
Muhammad had some share in its publication. It supported,
so he said, Kurdish independence. It seemed to contain
articles on comimmlsm also.
lira. Dahl, a Norwegian-American married to a Kurd
in M&habad where she has lived for soma 23 years, stated
/that....
x
He was among the party of Kurds taksn to Baku by
the Russians. .,
^ ‘Ufrf
About this item
- Content
Reports and correspondence concerning the internal situation in Azerbaijan and Tabriz during the region’s occupation by Soviet military forces, part of the Anglo-Soviet occupation of Persia [Iran] in the Second World War. The file chiefly comprises reports, submitted on a monthly (and later fortnightly) basis by the British Consul-General at Tabriz, reporting on events in Azerbaijan and Tabriz. Reports up to July 1942 are printed, while subsequent reports are typewritten. The typewritten reports are organised under subheadings that vary from one report to the next, but generally cover: weather; agriculture, locust movements, food supply and reports of hoarding; consular tours; the activities of consular colleagues and counterparts; local government, local politics, and elections; Kurdish affairs, including events at Rezaieh [Orūmīyeh]; Armenian affairs; public order; the activities of the Persian, Russian and United States military; trade, commerce and labour; transport and communications, including convoys, and the activities of the United Kingdom Commercial Corporation (UKCC); propaganda. From late 1944 onwards the reports increasingly focus on rising political and social unrest in Azerbaijan, which would eventually culminate in the Iran-Azerbaijan crisis of 1946. These later reports focus on the emergence and activities of new political parties (including the Tudeh Party and the Democratic Party), new political newspapers, and Soviet activities in Azerbaijan.
The file also includes: correspondence sent by the British Ambassador in Tehran, Reader William Bullard, forwarding the Tabriz Consul’s reports with comments to the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs; note sheets covering numerous reports, giving a précis of the report’s contents; the translation of a report by the Persian Minister for War, secretly obtained by British sources, describing military and political conditions at Rezaieh, dated 17 May 1942 (ff 560-564); a report of a visit to Rezaieh in February 1945, compiled by the British Consul-General at Tabriz (ff 147-154).
The file includes a divider, which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.
- Extent and format
- 1 file (615 folios)
- Arrangement
The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the file.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 617; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio.
- Written in
- English in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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Coll 28/112A ‘Persia. Tabriz – Monthly despatches of internal situation in Azerbaijan & misc. reports.’ [266r] (534/1237), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/12/3524, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100069965566.0x000087> [accessed 13 June 2026]
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/L/PS/12/3524
- Title
- Coll 28/112A ‘Persia. Tabriz – Monthly despatches of internal situation in Azerbaijan & misc. reports.’
- Pages
- front, front-i, 1ar, 2r:69v, 71r:136v, 138r:150v, 150ar:150av, 151r:194v, 196r:197v, 199r:300v, 302r:420v, 424r:560v, 565r:575v, 577r:581r, 583r:616v, back-i, back
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence