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‘Seistan Persia & Seistan’ [‎279v] (566/617)

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The record is made up of 2 volumes (301 folios). It was created in 22 Jun 1896-3 Mar 1900. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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[ 4 ]
,, , arpater for. if no agreement is signed, I think it is
d‘rL?C eflort S ^ugh r c 0 onstot,t and well considered, would have to be unostentatious and
^Ivhlt'prTcisrerperrturllrtL^Wency either of a partition of Persia into spheres or
VAhat precise expeuu r^rl^n revenues may be called upon to bear, it is impossible
of a continuance of the a u m ’? > ; j j t i,; n k SO me expenditure is justifiable and inevitable.
^THL^n/^tittltokno item of militaj or political expenditure with the
exception of the re-armament of our native troops is probably more urgent
But it must be recollected that we have practically reached the limits of taxation m India ;
that indeed the salt-tax is too high and ought to be reduced to give us the one financial reserve
possible for emergencies; that the demands for military expenditure are enormous; and that,
though we expect to place our currency on a sound basis, and thereby to quicken the develop
ment’ of India's resources, the effect of this reform will not show itself m our revenue for some
time to come.
However looking to the masterly analysis of Imperial and Indian interests in Persia in
this draft to the striking disproportion between the Imperial and Indian contributions m Persia
and Turkish Arabia A term used by the British officials to describe the territory roughly corresponding to, but not coextensive with, modern-day Iraq under the control of the Ottoman Empire. now revealed, and to the fact that our demand for a revision of this expendi
ture is likely to be powerfully supported by Lord Wei by's Commission it is not improbable
that the policy now advocated will result in some immediate saving to India.
In connection with the question of revision, it is important to determine what principle
shall govern the division of financial responsibility between the Imperial and Indian Exchequers.
Two alternative principles are proposed—
(1) The whole cost of diplomatic, consular, naval, telegraphic and other charges in
Persia and Turkish Arabia A term used by the British officials to describe the territory roughly corresponding to, but not coextensive with, modern-day Iraq under the control of the Ottoman Empire. might be divided in some fixed proportion.
(2) The Imperial and Indian Governments might, respectively, accept responsibility for
those areas in which Imperial or Indian interests predominate, with a joint contri
bution towards the central (Tehran) establishment.
There are arguments on either side; but I incline to the latter arrangement, if it can be
carried out.
My reasons are that, if India were responsible for the Indian area—which would, I take
it, include Seistan—any action to be taken
could be taken more quickly and more quietly.
That is chiefly a political reason, though there
is much to be said for having our contribution
entirely within our control. And, financially,
references to London for increasing any part of
a total contribution divided in fixed proportions
would be troublesome. Moreover, if, in an
very likely find it difficult to get the Home
I quite agree with Mr. Dawkins’s preference, and aho
with his reasons for arriving at it. 1 would add another,
viz , that the second arrangement is far more likely to he
accepted by the Home Government than the first. I am
willing to add a paragraph as suggested. On the other
hand, it must he remembered that under the second
plan India will certainly have to pay more (and pro
bably in an increasing ratio) than under the first.
C[ukzon].
emergency, we anticipated London, we should
X/iJVyJ j VY OVVA -X-A \J LXKXKJ J_L j YV C \ d J 1111U. 1 U Vlllll^U-lU LU ^
Government to accept any responsibility for the amount expended in anticipation.
Possibly some argument in this direction could be introduced into paragraph 69 of the
draft.
I may illustrate my contention by a reference to such expenditure as the Quetta-Seistan
route may entail. Such expenditure must, I think, grow in a tentative and gradual manner
and by small amounts at a time.
I had hoped to be able to append to this note some remarks on the figures given in the
draft of the Imperial and Indian shares of the existing expenditure. These figures are being
cheeked and examined in the Finance Department, but I regret that the process is not yet
finished, and I did not like to delay this note further.
If 1 have any remarks to make, I will submit them separately. They will not, in any case,
touch the principles laid down in the draft.
C. E. D [awrists], —7-9-99.
I quite concur in the policy outlined, and have no criticism to offer on the details.
I should* like to have some further information on the military part of the question : say,
a note showing the bases from wdiich, and the
lines along which, we can move troops towards
the Persian frontier. Perhaps the Military
Members of Council can explain this part of
the case.
* I do not think that a note will he required. With the
assistance of my Military Colleagues, I can explain the
matter in Council.
C[tjezon].
if W e^Lrfi i lr.t 0 ^ 0rV0t i n , gt0 r P0Str0netl,eKhyWaIldKab ” 1 ™ IIe y Proposals was that,
, spend money and possibly stir up quarrels m that direction, we may hamper ourselves in
the important work of strengthening; our position towards Persia and the Gulf
T. R[aliigh], —7-9-99.

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Content

The volumes contain papers relating to Persia [Iran], including Seistan, and the tract of land south of the Baluch-Afghan boundary between Nushki and Persia, which had become British territory following the demarcation of the Afghan-Baluch border.

The papers largely consist of printed copies of correspondence between the Governor General of India in Council (Government of India Foreign Department) and the Secretary of State for India (Lord George Francis Hamilton), and enclosed correspondence and papers.

Letters from the Governor General of India in Council to the Secretary of State for India include:

  • Number 170, 16 September 1896, relating to the opening up of a trade route between Nushki and the Persian frontier, crossing the tract of British territory south of the Baluch-Afghan boundary, and the protection of the newly-demarcated frontier, with enclosed memorandum by Captain Arthur Henry McMahon, British Commissioner, Baluch-Afghan Boundary Commission, containing his proposals for the management and administration of the tract and for the protection of the trade route
  • Number 58, 31 March 1898, concerning the trade route between Baluchistan and Persia, including the suggestion that Consular Agents should be appointed at central points along it between Seistan and Meshed, with enclosures including a report by Lieutenant Frank Webb-Ware, Political Assistant at Chagai, on his visit to Seistan at the beginning of 1896, and the measures introduced for the development of trade between Baluchistan and Persia (which includes a blueprint map, Mss Eur F111/350, f 33)
  • Number 163, 15 September 1898, forwarding copies of papers regarding the situation in Makran and Panjgur, following recent ‘disturbances’ in Makran.

The file also includes:

  • Copies of Government of India Foreign Department papers numbered 40-58 relating to the Kerman Consulate and British interests in Southern Persia, including correspondence between the Government of India Foreign Department and the Secretary of State for India
  • A letter from the Secretary of State for India to the Governor General of India in Council, with enclosed despatch from Sir (Henry) Mortimer Durand, HM Minister at Tehran, to the Foreign Office, dated 12 February 1899, in which he gives his opinion on suggestions for the appointment of additional consular officers in Persia (this includes a map titled ‘Skeleton Map of Telegraph Lines in Persia.’ Mss Eur F111/350, f 187)
  • A letter from Durand to the Secretary to the Foreign Department of the Government of India, 24 February 1899, enclosing a copy of his memorandum (with appendices) drawn up in 1895 on the situation in Persia, and the steps he proposed should be taken to improve the British position there
  • Copies of a draft despatch from the Governor General of India in Council, 2 September 1899, regarding relations between Great Britain and Persia, including improving the British Political and Consular service in Persia, and the extent of the share of responsibility for Persia that should be devolved upon the Government of India, followed by printed comments upon the draft
  • Copies of a minute by George Nathaniel Curzon, Viceroy of India, on Seistan, dated 4 September 1899, including the question of a railway connection between India and Seistan
  • Handwritten pencil notes by Curzon relating to Persia and the ‘Seistan Question’.

In addition to the two maps noted above, the file also includes the following maps: map of the area south of the border between Afghanistan and Baluchistan (Mss Eur F111/350, f 300); map of the area west of the border between Persia and Afghanistan (Mss Eur F111/350, f 301); and ‘Route Plan of Robat Nala’ (Mss Eur F111/350, f 302).

Extent and format
2 volumes (301 folios)
Arrangement

Most of volume A is arranged in reverse chronological order from the front to the rear of the volume (from folios 6 to 76); volume B is arranged is rough chronological order from the front to the rear of the volume.

Physical characteristics

Foliation: this file consists of two physical volumes. The foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover of volume one (ff 1-150) and terminates at the inside back cover of volume two (ff 151-304); these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio.

Written in
English in Latin script
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‘Seistan Persia & Seistan’ [‎279v] (566/617), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/350, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100072740555.0x0000a7> [accessed 21 July 2026]

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