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Letters and Papers Concerning the Trans-Persian Railway and Other Railways in Persia [105r] (209/442)
The record is made up of 1 file (221 folios). It was created in Nov 1911-Mar 1917. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
t 02.
11.
disintegration proceeds, particles break off which, driven
before the wind, cause, by their friction, other particles
to break away. This sand, at first inchoate, meets with some
small obstacle around which it piles itself. A sand dune forms end
this gathering in mass, moves down wind, in that crescent
formation known technically as a !, barchan" . These crescents
forge steadily ahead and continue their march until they add
their quota to a sand field or break into a spray of sand against
a mountain side. The Nushhi-beistan trade route passes through
several lines of sand crescents, rather West of Dalbandin, which
are speeding South and which form the link which connects the
Kharan sand field with that on the Afghan border. As these crescents
make a definite number of yards progress, every year, and as they
are marching in a direction transverse to any railway extension,
from the Nushki side, a few words as to the rules which, it has
been found, govern their formation, size, and movements, would not
be amiss. Their crescent shape, with horns projecting down wind,
is due to the fact that sand grains move up the relatively steep
incline of the main dune mass at a lower rate of speed than up the
low wings, on either side. Near ground surface the sand x^rticles
are in more active motion and travel with greater rapidity than
those which constitute the main body. The onward movement of these
particles terminates when they come under the lee of the wind and
it is this which gives to the dune its projecting arms, the length
of which will, therefore, depend on the height of the dune which
will to turn, depend on the strength of the wind and the level of
the ground. The distances between the horns of barchans vary, as
dees the distance at which they fellow behind one another, but for
the former fifty to eighty, and, in sone excei>tional cases, as much
as one hundred yards, are usual, and in the latter from two hundred
to four hundred yards. The distances at which "oarchans succeed one
another would seem to depend on the wind conditions which prevailed
when they were either formed or broke# off from the parent mass.
About this item
- Content
The file contains correspondence, memoranda, and other papers relating to railway projects in Persia [Iran] and the surrounding region. The papers deal with the proposals for, planning, and progress of, several railway lines, including one from the Mediterranean to India, the Trans-Persian Railway, the Baghdad Railway, and the Nushki and Dalbandin extension from Quetta. The documents discuss the merits and flaws of the proposals, technical issues such as gauge sizes, and the impact of such projects on Britain's relations with Russia, Germany, France, and Turkey.
At the back of the file are a number of official reports on Parliamentary debates within the House of Commons, dating from 10 July 1912 to 25 May 1914, all of which feature railways (folios 128-218). Also at the rear of the file are three maps:
- General Map of Asia with proposed British, German, and Russian rail lines added by hand
- War Office map of the Middle East, showing railways and railway projects
- As above with further rail lines added and details of gauges given.
Correspondents include: Arthur Campbell Yate, army Officer; Henry McNiel; Francis Richard Maunsell, army officer; George Lloyd, politician; Lieutenant-Colonel Charles à Court Repington, army officer and war correspondent; Lord Robert Offley Ashburton Crewe-Milnes, Leader of the House of Lords; Henry Charles Keith Petty-Fitzmaurice (Lord Lansdowne), statesman; Lucien Wolf, journalist and historian; Charles Staniforth, businessman and railway investor; Charles Prestwich Scott, Editor of the Manchester Guardian; Hugh Shakespear Barnes, Director, Imperial Bank of Persia; and Colonel Frank Cooke Webb Ware, former Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. , Chagai.
- Extent and format
- 1 file (221 folios)
- Arrangement
The file is arranged in chronological order from the front to the rear.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 221; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio.
- Written in
- English in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- Mss Eur F112/252
- Title
- Letters and Papers Concerning the Trans-Persian Railway and Other Railways in Persia
- Pages
- 87r:90v, 95r:221v
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence