'ANNUAL REPORT OF THE ADMINISTRATION OF THE BOMBAY PRESIDENCY, FOR THE YEAR 1908-1909' [‎79r] (19/132)

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SUMMARY.
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1908-1909.]
jo'ure exceeding 7 lakhs One lakh is equal to one hundred thousand rupees . After covering this item the gross surplus ou the
T ear’s working still permitted the appropriation of a substantial net balance to
Revenue Reserve Fund. The expenditure on Capital account, amounting
to 894 lakhs One lakh is equal to one hundred thousand rupees , was the highest in the history of the Trust, and the excavation
work of the new Alexandra Docks showed a decided improvement over its
former rate of progress. The Karachi Port Trust similarly established a record
in its engineering expenditure with an outlay of 31 lakhs One lakh is equal to one hundred thousand rupees . Important additions
were made to the available wharfage during the year. A scheme for deepening
the harbour of Aden received the sanction of Government, and rapid progress
was made during the last half of the year.
27. There was a net increase of 24 in the number of Co-operative Credit co-operative
Societies, and at the close of the year 189 stood on the register in the Presidency The name given to each of the three divisions of the territory of the East India Company, and later the British Raj, on the Indian subcontinent. societies.
Proper. The total membership showed a rise of 34 per cent. Forty.three of
the registered Societies had not yet started working, hut the remainder represented
an addition of 17 to the number of Societies at work during the previous year
and an increase of nearly 2 lakhs One lakh is equal to one hundred thousand rupees in their capital. The amount of loans granted
to members was larger by 1J lakhs One lakh is equal to one hundred thousand rupees and exceeded 5 lakhs One lakh is equal to one hundred thousand rupees in the aggregate. Only
one Society was in existence in Sind, but this made good progress during the
year.
28. The season resulted in an expansion of cultivation both in the Presi- Cropped area,
clency Proper and in Sind. The cropped area increased by If per cent, in the
former and by 20 per cent, in the latter, while the area twice cropped showed a
more than proportional advance in both eases. At the same time there were
decreases of 5 and 8 per cent, respectively in the area under current fallow. In
the Presidency The name given to each of the three divisions of the territory of the East India Company, and later the British Raj, on the Indian subcontinent. Proper the area under food-crops expanded by 5 per cent., remain
ing nevertheless 1 per cent, below the normal. The increase was confined to
joW&ri, paddy and gram. The main feature of the year was the expansion of
jowari cultivation in the Deccan, where a deficiency of early rains had caused
a contraction in the bajri area before the good September rain encouraged rabi
sowings of jowdri. Paddy showed the greatest advance in Gujarat, where the
early rains were unusually favourable to this crop. In Sind paddy sowings were
slightly reduced, but the area under jowari rose by as much as 41 per cent., under
the influence of favourable rains and a good water-supply. The area under
food-crops in the province thus showed a net increase of 17 per cent, and was 21
per cent, in excess of the normal. Non-food-crops also expanded by 39 per cent*
in Sind, hut showed a fall of 9 per cent, in the Presidency The name given to each of the three divisions of the territory of the East India Company, and later the British Raj, on the Indian subcontinent. Proper where the
cotton area had been reduced by 15 per cent, owing to the excess of sowing
rains in Gujarat and their deficiency elsewhere. Moreover, there had been a
tendency to give preference to food-crops in view of the diminished stocks of
grain remaining from previous harvests. Both in the Presidency The name given to each of the three divisions of the territory of the East India Company, and later the British Raj, on the Indian subcontinent. and in Sind,
however, there was a marked increase in the cultivation of oibseeds, principally
affecting safflower which was sown with rabi jowari and wheat in the Deccan
and Karnatak. The irrigated area kept pace with the extension of cultivation
and increased by 2J per cent, in the Presidency The name given to each of the three divisions of the territory of the East India Company, and later the British Raj, on the Indian subcontinent. and by 19J per cent, in Sind.
29. In the experimental work carried on during the year two main ^^cuUurai
objects were pursued : the first was to decide between the merits of different
Varieties of the same crop and to determine the conditions to which each is most
suited, and the second to improve the yielding capacity of the commonly grown
indigenous crops, chiefly by means of a careful selection of seed. Oocton as
usual was among the most important subjects of experiment on both these lines,
a nd while American, Cambodia, tree cottons and hybrids were tested under
varying conditions, the Broach and Kumpta cottons continued to be subjected
to selection at the Dhdrwar Farm. The results still indicated that an improve-
B 1023 —4j s