Kitāb al-filāḥah كتاب الفلاحة Ibn al-ʻAwwām, Yaḥyá ibn Muḥammad ابن العوام، يحيى بن محمد [175r] (360/430)
The record is made up of Codex A collection of pages, usually gathered into quires, and bound between covers. ; ff. ii+205+iv. It was created in 18th century. It was written in Arabic. The original is part of the British Library: Oriental Manuscripts.
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Comprehensive treatise on agriculture by the Andalusian agronomist Abū Zakariyā Yaḥyá ibn Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad al-Ishbīlī (أبو زكريا يحيى بن محمد بن أحمد الإشبيلي, fl. late 12th century?), known as Ibn al-ʻAwwām (ابن العوام).
The copy was made by an anonymous Spanish Arabist, reputedly from Madrid, Real Academia de la Historia, Gayangos Collection, Ms. IX, which was previously part of the Escorial collections ('Ibn al-ʻAwwām, Kitāb al-filāḥa', The Filāḥa Texts Project, http://www.filaha.org/author_ibn_al_awwam.html).
The text is divided into a preface subdivided into sections (فصول), an introduction (مقدمة), thirty-five chapters (باب) numbered consecutively across two books (سفران) or parts (جزآن) only the second of which is announced with a heading. A list of the chapters with extensive titles and descriptions is given in the introduction (ff. 3v-7v):
- Preface (ff. 1r-3r);
- Introduction (مقدمة, ff. 3r-7v);
Book/Part One (السفر/الجزء الأول, chapters 1-16, ff. 8r-119r);
- Chapter One (الباب الأول, on soils, ff. 8r-24r);
- Chapter Two (الباب الثاني, manures, ff. 24r-33r);
- Chapter Three (الباب الثالث, waters, ff. 33r-37r);
- Chapter Four (الباب الرابع, garden planning, ff. 37r-37v);
- Chapter Five (الباب الخامس, establishing trees, ff. 37v-45v);
- Chapter Six (الباب السادس, planting, ff. 45v-50v);
- Chapter Seven (الباب السابع, names of species for cultivation in al-Andalus, ff. 50v-84v);
- Chapter Eight (الباب الثامن, grafting, ff. 84v-98r);
- Chapter Nine (الباب التاسع, pruning, ff. 98r-99r);
- Chapter Ten (الباب العاشر, tillage, ff. 99r-101v);
- Chapter Eleven (الباب الحادي عشر, applying manures, ff. 101v-102v);
- Chapter Twelve (الباب الثاني عشر, irrigation, ff. 102v-106r);
- Chapter Thirteen (الباب الثالث عشر, artificial pollination, ff. 106r-107r);
- Chapter Fourteen (الباب الرابع عشر, treatments for trees, ff. 107r-113r);
- Chapter Fifteen (الباب الخامس عشر, methods for improving quality of produce, ff. 113r-115v);
- Chapter Sixteen (الباب السادس عشر, storage and preservation of produce, ff. 115v-119r);
Book/Part Two (السفر/الجزء الثاني, chapters 17-35, ff. 119a-v-204r);
- Chapter Seventeen (الباب السابع عشر, tillage and land preparation, ff. 120r-121r);
- Chapter Eighteen (الباب الثامن عشر, grains and pulses that ameliorate soil, ff. 121r-123r);
- Chapter Nineteen (الباب التاسع عشر, cultivating grains, ff. 123r-125v);
- Chapter Twenty (الباب العشرون, cultivating rice, millet, sesame etc., ff. 125v-129r);
- Chapter Twenty-one (الباب الحادي والعشرون, cultivating fava beans, chickpeas, lupins etc., ff. 129r-131r);
- Chapter Twenty-two (الباب الثاني والعشرون, cultivating flax, hemp, cotton etc., ff. 131r-134v);
- Chapter Twenty-three (الباب الثالث والعشرون, establishing a kitchen garden, ff. 134v-139r);
- Chapter Twenty-four (الباب الرابع والعشرون, cultivating root crops, ff. 139r-143r);
- Chapter Twenty-five (الباب الخامس والعشرون, cultivating melons and gourds, ff. 143r-147r);
- Chapter Twenty-six (الباب السادس والعشرون, cultivating culinary and medicinal spices, ff. 147r-148v);
- Chapter Twenty-seven (الباب السابع والعشرون, cultivating aromatic plants, ff. 148v-151v);
- Chapter Twenty-eight (الباب الثامن والعشرون, cultivating garden plants, ff. 151v-154v);
- Chapter Twenty-nine (الباب التاسع والعشرون, harvesting, ff. 154v-161r);
- Chapter Thirty (الباب الثلاثون, miscellaneous, ff. 161r-169v; diagram of tiller on f. 169v);
- Chapter Thirty-one (الباب الحادي والثلاثون, livestock, ff. 169v-172r);
- Chapter Thirty-two (الباب الثاني والثلاثون, beasts of burden, ff. 172r-182v);
- Chapter Thirty-three (الباب الثالث والثلاثون, equine medicine, ff. 182v-199r);
- Chapter Thirty-four (الباب الرابع والثلاثون, poultry, pigeons and bees, ff. 199r-204r);
- Chapter Thirty-five (الباب الخامس والثلاثون, dogs; announced in introduction but not found in manuscript).
Begins (f. 1r, lines 3-6):
قال مؤلفه الشيخ الفاضل أبو زكريا يحيى ابن محمد بن أحمد بن
العوام عفي الله عنه الحمد لله رب العالمين وصلى الله على
النبي محمد خاتم النبيين وعلى آله وصحبه الطيبين وسلم
تسليمًا أما بعد فإني لما قرأت من كتب الفلاحة المسلمين
Ends (f. 204r, lines 38-42):
...ثم (!) السفر الثاني من كتاب
الفلاحة في الأرضين والحيوان مما علي بجمعة من كتب الفلاحين و
الحكماء المتقدمين يحيى بن أحمد بن محمد بن العوام
الإشبيلي عفا الله عنه
وحمه (!) آمين
- Extent and format
- Codex A collection of pages, usually gathered into quires, and bound between covers. ; ff. ii+205+iv
- Physical characteristics
Material: Western laid paper
Dimensions: 305 x 210 mm leaf [285 x 165 mm written]
Foliation: Western Arabic historic pagination in brown ink; British Museum foliation in pencil; unfoliated leaf between ff. 119 and 120 now foliated as 119a
Ruling: No ruling visible; ca 34-52 lines per page; vertical spacing ca 12-15 lines per 10 cm
Script: Naskh ; more than one scribal hand is visible (changes of hand at, e.g., ff. 71r and 87r)
Ink: Brown
Decoration: None
Binding: British Museum half leather binding
Condition: Waterstains (ff. 187-204)
Marginalia: Very few by hand of main scribe
Seals: British Museum stamp ff. 1r, 16r, 35r, 79, 114r, 136r, 155r, 178r, and 204v
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- Arabic in Arabic script View the complete information for this record
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Kitāb al-filāḥah كتاب الفلاحة Ibn al-ʻAwwām, Yaḥyá ibn Muḥammad ابن العوام، يحيى بن محمد [175r] (360/430), British Library: Oriental Manuscripts, Add MS 10461, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100151233349.0x0000a1> [accessed 5 June 2026]
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- Kitāb al-filāḥah كتاب الفلاحة Ibn al-ʻAwwām, Yaḥyá ibn Muḥammad ابن العوام، يحيى بن محمد
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- front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, i-r:ii-v, 1r:205v, iii-r:vi-v, back-i
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