Publications, Newspaper Cuttings, Photographs and Correspondence about Persia and the Persian Gulf [‎282v] (565/879)

THE TIMES OF INDIA, TUESDAY, JUNE 10
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3 INSURANCE CO
DUMESTIO UUUUKRENUES.
LOCAL AND PEUVINCIAL.
LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY.
All profits go to Policyholders
3. 31, 1901, £59,743,837.
ADVANTAGES.
bility for membership.
after 2 years at 5 %
whatever beyond payment of premium.
issue.
ngs combined with Life Insurance.
The Charge for Announcement of BIRTHS, MARRIAGES,
DEATHS, and MEMORIAM Notices (which must be
authenticated by the name and address of the sender) is
ft 8, 2 for six lines or less, and 8 as. for every additional
line. CASH strictly in ADVANCE.
BOMBAY.
IN MEMORIAM.
DRAOUP— In loving memory of ny father 0. DRAOUP, who
departed this life on the 10th June, 1901.
Nothing in my hands I bring,
Simply to Thy cross I cling.
(Inserted by his daughter.)
SHARMAN (nee MCGILL)— Jure ) 0th, 1888, at Grant Road
Bombay, DULC1 BELLA MAUD, the dearlv beloved second
daughter of MARY ANNE and GIOKGE MCGILL, of
Kholapur.
" Oh for the touch of a vanished hand,
And the sound of a voice that is still,”
QUETTA,
DEATH.
MAPP—June 4th, A. A. L. MAPP, at Quetta. D eply regretted.
(English and Canadian papers please copy.)
•
OTHER PRESIDENCIES.
BIRTH.
MONRO— June 4th, at Lochnagar, Darjeeling, the wife of 0. G.
MONRO, M.B., kanaghat M dical kissien, of tv ins, son and
daughter.
MARRIAGE,
SPENCER—SWARIES—June 4th, at the Methodist Episcopal
Church, Calcutta, by the Rev. Stokes, Captain Joseph
GREGORY SPENCER to .HENRIETTA MtNICA, the youngest
daughter of the late JOHN SWARIES.
DEATHS.
CHEW—June 4th, at the American Methodist Institution, Cal
cutta, the Rev. Benjamin J. CHEW, cf the Methodist Epis
copal Mission, in the 38th year of bis age.
ROBSON—June ist, at Kasaul), TREVOR AUBRAY, the infant son
of Mr. and Mrs. H. P. ROBSON, aged 1 year.
WARNER— May 28th, at Hyderabad, Deccan, WILLIE GODFREY
Maule, third son of GEORGE MAULE WARNER, H.H. the
Nizam’s Service, aged 8 months
KEMP’S LIST.
DRYING i
Bottles. |
Much more useful than any-
thing else for preserving and
drying perishable goods.
1 Quart Rs. 1-8
4 , , 3-8
2 Quart Rs. 2-0
I 7 „ „ 5-8
RAIN
Gauges.
The very best system. Accurate
and simple, consisting of a
five-inch funnel, with bottle in
Japanned Tin Cylinder, and
graduated glass measure.
Rs. 6 each only.
Symon's Rain Gauge, Rs. 10 each.
KEMP & Co., Id.
CHEMISTS, &c.,
BOMBAY.
PRESENTATION IN BOMBAY.
Yesterday afternoon Mr. J. H. Cooper, the spinning
master of the Alexandra and M. D. Sassoon Mills, who
is proceeding to England on leave, was presented with
an address in the compound of the mill, where
a well decorated shamiana had been erected. A r. S. A.
Nathan, the superintendent of the mills, presided, there
being a large attendance of Europeans and employes
of the mills present.
Mr. R. Wood, in opening the proceedings, said those
present doubtless all knew the reason for their meet
ing that afternoon ; it was to give the persons em
ployed under their esteemed friend, Mr. Cooper, an
opportunity of showing their appreciation and estima
tion of his conduct during the number of years
they had been employed under him. He was sure that
those who were well acquainted with Mr. Cooper con-
sidered he was well worthy of the esteem and appre-
ciation in which he was held, for he was a
gentleman who had always taken an interest in his
duties, and had always looked after those employed under
him. Mr. Wood then asked Mr. Nathan to make the
presentation, and Mr. Holden to read the address.
Mr. Nathan said it was always a very pleasant duty
to attend such gatherings and to see so many friendsand
employes present to bid good-bye, or rather au revoir, to
Mr. Cooper, who they hoped to see back again very soon
and occupying a higher position than he was now
doing. (Applause.) ile Knew mut why" uwy sot »
good man they liked to keep him, and they looked
forward to Mr. Cooper coming back among them
after having enjoyed his holiday. (Applause.)
Mr. HOLDEN then read the following address : —
Dear Sir,— We the employe's in the Alexandra and
E. D. Sassoon Mills, who have been working under you,
beg respectfully to approach you with our hearty good
wishes on learning that you are about to proceed home
on a short visit after having served for nearly five years
in a highly creditable way. We will be wanting in our
duty if we were to allow this opportunity to pass without
expressing our humble opinion that your connection
with these mills was productive of much advantage to
our worthy proprietors as well as to those employed
under you. The numerous changes that you have made
in several departments speak for themselves. Although
he years under you were of constant hard labour, yet
your personal labour and amiable disposition have made
work real pleasure to us all, and we take this oppor-
tunity to say that we shall continue to do so during
your short absence of three months, and we will do our
best to keep the work in its present condition.
In you we have a kind and forgiving superior of rare
excellent merits and noble Christian nature, and while
temporarily parting with you, we would be wanting in our
duty if we failed to express our heartfelt gratitude and
regard to a master who has always done his best to do
justice to all. Lastly, you will allow us to offer you a very
humble present as a slight token of our appreciation of
your many kind acts and goodwill towards us, and hope
that you will keep it as a memento of our connection with
you. That the Almighty may give you long life, happiness
and prosperity is our fervent wish and prayer.
Mr. NATHAN then presented the address, which was
enclosed in a silver casket, remarking he had little doubt
but that Mr. Cooper would appreciate the address more
than the casket, for the former came entirely from the
people of the weaving department and showed how highly
they regarded him as their superior. Mr. Nathan also
presented Mr. Cooper with a gold watch and chain and a
handsome ring for Mrs. Cooper.
Mr. COOPER, replying, said it seemed altogether out
of his power to sufficiently thank them for the handsome
presents they had given him. As Mr. Nathan had said,he
would certainly prize the address, for he felt sure he was
carrying away the good will and good wishes of all
those who had worked under him for over four years.
Mr. A. THOMAS having proposed a vote of thanks to
Mr. Nathan, garlands of flowers were distributed, and
the company then adjourned to the refreshment bullet.
TO-DAY’S ENGAGEMENTS.
Bombay Improvement Trust.
Mails for Lamu, Mombasa, Tanga, Daresalam, Ibo, Chindi,
Zanzibar, Beira, Mozambique, Seychelles, Mauritius,
Reunion, Tamatave, and all Madagascar ports, per
steamer Safari, will be closed at the Bombay General
Post Office at 9 a.m.
Henry Dallas' Company, ‘ The Belle of New York,”
Novelty Theatre, 9.
Sun rises, 5h 22m. ; Sun sets, 6h. 36m. ; High water
1-52m., 2-34a.; Low water, 7 40m., 8-53a.
Phases of the Moos— June 13th, First Quarter, 4h.
46Tm. a,m. ; June 21st, Full Moon, 7h. 8‘0m. a.m. ;
June 29th, Last Quarter, 2h. 43-1m. a.m. ; June 10th, in
Apogee, 10b. a.m.
THE WEEK’S CALENDAR.
WHD., JUNE 11.—Municipal Standing Committee ; John
Roberts & Co., Limited, Extraordinary General Meet-
ing, Tamarind Lane, 3 ; Mails for Singapore, China,
and Japan, per extra steamer Pekin, will be closed at
the Bombay General Post Office at 9 a.m ; Mails for
Natal, Cape Colony, Delagoa Bay, and other places in
South Africa, per extra steamer Malvern, via Tuticorin
and Colombo, will be closed at the Bombay General
Post Office at 7 p.m. Sun rises, 5h. 22m.: Sun sets,
6h. 87m. ; High water, 2-49m. 3-23a.; Low water,
8-35m., 9-51a.
THURS., JUNE 12.—Bombay Chamber of Commerce,
balloting for an Improvement Trustee. Sun rises, 5h.
22m.; Sun sets, 6h. 37m.; High water, 3-50m., 4-14a.;
Low water, 9-34m., 10-53a.
FRI., JUNE 13.—Bombay Chamber of Commerce, ballot
ing for an Improvement Trustee. Sun rises, 5h. 22m.;
Suu sets, 6h. 37m.; High water® 4-58m., 5-9a. ; Low
water 10-39m., U-54a.
Sat., JUNE 14.—The P. & O. Co.’s Steamer Orien
tal, with the English Mails of the 30th
ULTIMO, left Aden at 8 a.m. on Monday,
THE 9T HINSTANT, AND IS EXPECTED TO ARRIVE
AT 5 A.M. ; Cricket : Civil vs. United Services,
Bombay Gymkhana ground. Sun rises, 5h. 22m. ; Sun
sets, 6h. 38m.; High water, 641m., 6-7a,; Low water,
11-54m.
Sun., JUNE 15.—IRD SUNDAY after Trinity. Sur
rises, bh. 22m. Sun sets, 6h. 38m. ; High water, 7-30m.
7-6a, ; Low water, 0-51m., l-6a.
Mon., June 16.—Municipal Corporation ; Southerr
India S. and W. Co., Annual General Meeting, Tama
rind Lane. Sun rises, 5h. 22m.; Sun sets, 6h. 38m.
High water, 8-40m., 8-3a.; Low water, l-40m., 2-6a.
Tues., June 17.—Sun rises, 5h. 22m.; Sun sets, 6
38m.; High water, 9-31m., 8-53a. ; Low water, 2-2 in
2-68a.
Dock Intelligence.—The H.M.S. Abyssinia, tl
hulk lenasserim, and the steamer Bahaduri entered tl
Prince’s Dock on Sunday ; the steamers Ballaarat ar
Dromonby entered, and the steamers Bahaduri and Ho
seinee left yesterday. The steamer Kola entered tl
Victoria Dock yesterday.
Re-opening of the HIGH Court.—The High Oour
re-opened yesterday morning after the summer vaca
tion. The Chief Justice and the Hon. Mr. Justic
Aston sat in the first division court on the Ay
pellate Side, while the Hon. Mr. Justice Crowe and the
Hon. Mr Justice Batty sat in the second division cour
on the same side. ‘I he Hon. Mr. Justice Tyabji and the
Hon. Mr. Justice Starling presided in the two division
courts on the Orginal Side.
Suicide of A HINDU Woman.—In Chakla Street,
yesterday morning, Mr. P. Byrne, Coroner for Bombay,
conducted an inquest relative to the death of
Padmabai, a Hindu woman, aged 23 years. The
deceased had been suffering from plague for the last
eight days. She became delirious four days ago and
made frequent attempts to run out of the house. On
Sunday she threw herself from the window of her
room, which is on the fourth storey of a house in Chakla
Street. She fell into the street from a height of about
fifty feet, sustaining a fracture of the skull, and died a
few minutes after.— A verdict of suicide was recorded.
A Dishonest Policeman.—At the Esplanade Police
Court, yesterday, before Mr. D. B. Binning, Inspector
Brewin charged Abdulkhan, a policeman, with criminal
trespass, On the night of the 6th instant the accused
entered the room of Sheik Fatoo Sheik Hussen, another
policeman, while the latter was asleep outside Two men
of the armed police roused and informed the complainant,
who arrested the accused,—The Magistrate sentenced the
man to one month’s rigorous imprisonment.—The accused
was next charged with the theft of a watch and chain, of
the value of Rs. 15, the property of Sheik Imambux Sheik
Tooly, a policeman. The theft took place about two
months ago, but was only discovered the other day, when
the accused was arrested on the charge of trespass.—The
accused was sentenced to three months’ rigorous imprison
ment.
Alleged Cheating.—At the Esplanade Police
Court, yesterday, before Mr. D. B. Binning, Acting
Chief Presidency The name given to each of the three divisions of the territory of the East India Company, and later the British Raj, on the Indian subcontinent. Magistrate, Alexander Gayzal, who
was sent to jail last week by Mr. Dastur for cheating
a Mahomed an tailor in Frere Road, was charged by
Inspector Brewin with cheating Usuf Saleh Mahomed,
a cutlery dealer, in respect of Rs. 50, and articles
of wearing apparel worth Rs. 67. The evidence showed
that the accused went to the complainant’s shop
and on the strength of a seaman’s advance note induced
him to part with Rs. 50 and to get for him the articles of
wearing apparel from the shop of one Hasan Ali Moola
Hakimji. Subsequently it was found that the note was
not a genuine one.—The accused pleaded guilty to the
charge, and said he had to thank his friends for the
position in which he found himself. He meant to
deal honestly by the complainant with whom
he had previous transactions, but for his being in
liquor at the time he visited the complainant’s shop.
He prayed for mercy, and said he had a young brother
and an old mother to support.—The Magistrate sentenced
him to fourteen days’ rigorous imprisonment.
Attempted Cheating—At the Mazagon Police
Court, yesterday, before Mr. P. H. Dastur, Dawood
Adam and Noormahomed Tarmahomed, were charged
with attempting to cheat one Tribhuvandas Jadowji,
a Bauia, in re pect of four bags of sugar, valued
at Rs. 85. The evidence showed that on the 20th
April last the first accused went to the shop of the
complainant at Dhobi gully and offered to buy four bags
of sugar. The price was settled and the goods were
weighed. The accused then represented that he belonged
to the firm of one Barna Ismail, and that he would send a
servant to take delivery of the goods. The next day the
second accused with a boy went to the complainant’s shop
and asked for the delivery of the goods. The complainant
demanded the money, when the accused told him to send
his servant with the boy to the pedi, The complainant
did so. Shortly after the complainant’s servant returned
and informed his master that the boy had disappeared.
The complainant informed the Police, who arrested the
accused. The latter then made a statement which led to
the arrest of the first accused.—The Magistrate sentenced
the first accused to two months’ rigorous imprisonment
and the second to pay a fine of Rs. 50, in default to suffer
one month’s hard labour.—The first accused was further
charged with cheating three other merchants in respect
of eight bags of sugar and a quantity of dry fruit. He
was convicted on this count also and sentenced to a
further term of twelve months’ hard labour.
SALE OF COTTON SEED.
MRS. BULLOCK W ORKMAN.
Under the patronage of H.H, the Maharaja of Raja King
Sir Amar Singh and of the Resident, Mrs. Bullock
Workman gave a lecture in the large hall of the
Library at Srinagar, for the benefio of the Cashmere
Mission Schools. The subjects treated were the
pioneer ascents in Baltistan made by her and
Dr. William Hunter Workman two years ago. Grace
fully introduced by Mr. Dane, the Resident, the
lecturer proceeded to describe the long, interesting, and
perilous journey accomplished by the party in the
snows of Baltistan. Fifty or more magnificent lantern
slide views of peats and glaciers, never before photo
graphed, were shown to the large and enthusiastic
audience, and hearty applause and a cordial vote of
thanks moved by the Resident rewarded the intrepid
lady at the close of a most interesting lecture.
THE STEAMER HOSEINEE.
The Bombay and Persia S. N. Company’s steamer
Hoseinee, Captain Thomas Hughes, which was
detained in harbour owing to having sprung a
leak, sailed yesterday for the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. , via
Karachi, with a general cargo and the following
passengers H.E. the Persian Consul-General Molvi
Mahomed Hosain, Mir Sayed Mahomed, Musoodul
Sultan Sayed Ahmed, Mrs. Molvi M. Hosain and
child, Zahir Hosain’s mother and child, and 93 deck.
A Tokyo gentleman who has spent sometime at Dalny
investigating trade conditions, seen by a correspond
ent of the Asahi, stated that all works at Dalny,
except the work on the ground, are now suspended.
It is believed that projected works in connection with
the harbour, &C., will be actively put in operation on
the return of the euperintendeno engineer, who is now
in St. Petersborg, The construction of the East China
Railway would appear, he says, to be suspended. Some
of the railway sleepers used have been found to be
rotter, but there is no attempt to replace themthe pur
chase of materials having ceased. He furthermore
states that the report that the Russian authorities
disallowed Japanese travelling in Manchuria was not
correct, only those who did not comply with the regula-
tions for travelling being so debarred.
ZYMOLE, the Ideal Antiseptic. Unequalled for all
purposes of Toilet Sanitation,
On the Original Side of the Bombay Hight Court yester
day, the Hon. Mr. Justice Starling heard a suit instituted
by Messrs. Forbes, Forbes and Co. against Jamnadas
Hardyal and others, in which the plaintiffs claimed
to recover from the defendants Rs. 4,108-3-0 with interest
from 4th November, 1901, at 9 per cent, and costs. The
Hon. Mr. Scott, Advocate-General, and Mr. Young,
instructed by Messrs. Crawford, Brown and Co., appeared
for the plaintiffs ; and Mr. Davar and Mr. Raikes,
instructed by Messrs. Payue, Gilbert, Sayani and Moos,
appeared for the defendants.
The plaintiffs stated that by a contract dated 6th May,
1901, the defendants sold to the plaintiffs 200 tons of
cottonseed for shipment during June to Hull upon
certain terms and conditions The 200 tons were
forwarded in two lots per steamship Crewe Hall by the
defendants to Hull, and they were in due course sold
by the plaintiffs on arrival in Hull, but the weight
and quality were disputed, and the dispute was referred
to arbitration in accordance with the terms of
the contract. The arbitrators awarded to the buyers
an allowance of £1-2-6 per ton, and 41 and 435
bags of damaged seeds were invoiced at 10s. per
ton less 24 per cent. The plaintiffs furnished to the
defendants an account of the arbitration and of the
monies due by them to the plaintiffs less the sum
deposited by them as guarantee. Defendants failed to
pay the amount due by them or any part thereof, and
the plaintiffs brought this suit.
The defendants, in their written statement, admitted
signing the contract. After the execution of the contract
plaintifs-exawined the cotton seed and approved and
adopted the same, subject to the defendants depositing
Rs. 800 as guarantee for any possible inferiority or
other defect, and it was expressly agreed between the |
parties that the plaintiffs’ claim in respect of the I
goods be limited to that amount. Defendants did not I
admit that any dispute arose between the parties as
to the weight or quality, and said they were never
consulted about the reference to arbitration. Defendants
said that, if the awards related to their goods, they were
absurd and preposterous, and could only have been made
by mistake on the part of the arbitrators or umpires.
Under the circumstances, defendants asked that th. suit
should be dismissed with costs.
Evidence was heard in the case during the day.
FLORILINE 1—FOB the Teeth and BREATH—
A few drops of the liquid " Floriline ” sprinkled on a wet tooth-
brush produces a pleasant lather, which thoroughly cleanser
the teeth from all parasites or impurities, hardens the game,
prevents tartar, stops decay, gives to the teth a peculiar pearly
whiteness, and a delightful fragrance to the breath. It removes
all unpleasant odour arising from decayed teeth or tobacco
smoke. " The Fragrant Floriline," being composed in parts of
honey and sweet herbs is delicious to the taste and the greatest
toilet discovery of the age. Of all Chemists and Ferfumars.
Wholesale Depot, 33, Farringdon Road, London, England. .
work on the country. But “ All the Russiss"
is at all events a useful supplement to the
earlier work, and brings down to very recent
date all the greater problems connected with!
Russian policy and economics. His chapter on
the question of Finland strikes us as a singu
larly fearless attempt to state the facts in
regard to it with small regard to the perhaps
too exclusively sympathetic treatment it has
received hitherto in England. There is a
Russian side to the question as well as a local
one, and a time was bound to come
when an answer would have to be
given to the question, how far the special
and privileged position of the Finlanders was
compatible with the interests of the Empire.
But it is a pity for Russia that the only English
writer The lowest of the four classes into which East India Company civil servants were divided. A Writer’s duties originally consisted mostly of copying documents and book-keeping. who has thus far stood up for her Finnish
policy has rested her defence on arguments
which are something worse than weak. We do
not understand the ethical position of an apolo
gist who contends that with perfect legality
Russia might give complete independence to the
Grand Duchy, and then, seeing danger in the
presence of an independent State near her borders,
might annex it on the ground that it was neces
sary to do so in the interests of national security.
Nor can we attach anything like as much im
portance as Mr. Norman does to Russia’s belief
that she is vulnerable to a foreign foe coming
via Finland. His assimilation of that belief is
strangely in contrast with his scepticism regard
ing the ultimate designs of Russia upon Scan
dinavia. Our own information is that there is
a widespread fear in Sweden that at no distant
date Russia will menace the independence of
that country, and although we offer no opinion
as to the reasonableness of these forebodings, it
requires some courage on the part of a stranger
to allege that they are vain imaginings.
We can here deal only in the briefest way
with the chapters which are concerned with the
economic development of Russia, for we are
compelled to devote a disproportionate space
to Mr. Norman’s chapters on the relations of
Russia with her neighbours in Asia. His
account of the career and policy of M. de
Witte is, despite its necessary brevity, very in
forming, and is the best that we are acquainted
with. Mr. Norman is an optimist in regard to
most things Russian, and this must be borne in
mind in reading his account of the industrial
position, and especially of the operations of
foreign capital in the country. It is not many
months since M. de Witte found it necessary to
answer the loud complainings of foreign
capitalists, who more than suggested that the
Government had not kept faith with them, by
telling them that they were only paying the
penalty which is always exacted from those
who expect too much. Mr. Norman, indeed,
has somewhat indefinite notions as to what con
stitutes financial success. In his account
of the Trans-Caspian Railway, for example, he
tells us on one page that the line is paying
handsomely ; on the next page but one he
acknowledges that it does not pay interest on
the whole capital expenditure. Neither here
nor in his chapter on the Siberian line can we
regard him as a safe guide. He describes
admirably, and the chapter is excellent reading.
| But there is something more in the Siberian
Railway than an example of the all-daring
enterprise of the Russian Government. It has
been proved beyond doubt that the line is a
piece of slovenly work—cheap and nasty despite
the sixty-seven millions sterling that had been
spent upon it by the end of the year 1900, and
many millions more will need to be laid out
upon it before it can be regarded as either a
safe or an expeditious line of communication.
Mr. Norman belongs to the school of students 1 . — - o — —
of Russian policy who ardently desire what is passage to the Gulf. Anticipating many obvious
nevitable result of making way for her in the
Gulf would be a new condition of insecurity
which would have to be met by an increase in
J our defensive resources in the East. If a leading
i exponent of the “ concessions to Russia school ”
. can promise us no better result from a policy o;
superfluous surrender we may well ask, “Why not
i leave things as they are ?” Mr. Norman might
well have given a little thought to the question
how we got to the Gulf, for we are convinced
that no one can fairly contemplate that aspect of
the subject without realising that a position gain
ed as our position in those waters has been should
be held in an unyielding grip. One line, how
ever, is all that he thinks it necessary to devote
to this important matter. " Our position in the
Gulf, ” he says, “ is the direct result of our
work.” But he does not stop to ask himself
why a position thus earned should be lightly
abandoned.
One aspect of the scheme for a “ deal ” with
Russia in Persia has been so summarily dealt
with by one of the leading organs of the Radi
cal party at home that we need make only the
briefest allusion to it. It would be nothing but
immoral, the Manchester' Guardian reminds Mr.
Norman, to purchase Russian friendship by
inviting her to take ports on the Gnlf which
are not in our gift. There is one other aspect
of the question which he has dealt with in an
entirely inadequate way—we refer to the raison
d'etre of the Russian claim to a territorial posi-
tion on the Gulf. He speaks with somewhat
wearying reiteration of the desire of Russia to
" get to the warm water.” But that is
a general idea which is capable of the
widest interpretation, and therefore helps
us little. If it is for purposes of com
mercial expansion that she is eager to find a
privileged outlet through Persia to the Gulf,
then surely it is relevant to ask what are the
possibilities of trade between Transcaspia and
Persia and the lands beyond the Gulf. Now,
Mr. Norman makes the significant admission
that Transcaspia produces nothing which Persia
buys. Persia, therefore, would supply the poor
est possible market for the export trade of that
part of the Russian dominion in Asia. What,
then, would the larger world to which the Gulf
route would give access, take from this same
region ? If Russia’s expectations in regard to
her Transcaspian provinces are fulfilled they will
be abundant growers of cotton. But the natural
market for Transcaspian cotton is Moscow and
the other manufacturing districts of Russia, not
India, or the farther Eastern markets which |
access to a “ warm water ” port would bring
within her reach. So that when Mr. Norman
says that he sees no reason why Russia should
not bring her goods to the sea through Persia,
we ask “ What goods ? ” If he has the pro
ducts of Transcaspia in mind, Persia, on his
own admission, does not need them. If, on the
other hand, he has in mind the manufactures
of European Russia, he forgets that Russia has
already as free access to Persia by sea as Eng
land has, and that that access is far cheaper
than any that would be afforded her by railroad
transit to the Caspian, across the Caspian by,
steamer, and thence along the existing line to
Askabad, and the contemplated line of nine
hundred miles through a most difficult country
to Bunder Abbas. If, competing as she now does
with England on equal terms for the trade of the
Gulf, she can achieve nothing more substantial
than the costly fiascos of the Kornilof voyages,
what could she hope to do along a tedious
and costly line of land communication, broken
by transhipment on either side of the Caspian ?
To put this question is to answer it in a sense
absolutely destructive of the belief that what
Russia asks for is merely the right of innocent