Geographical Journal (Journal of the Royal Geographical Society): Volume VIII, No. 5 [‎30r] (62/154)

A JOURNEY IN THE VALLEY OF THE UPPER EUPHRATES.
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joining route (b) at Abdul Kharab, and thence have followed a tributary * of the
Tokhma Su down to Malatia. More than this cannot be said until we are better
informed as to the nature of the valley of the Bolam Su.
The Beads north of Melitene.
The whole of the road Melitene—Satala is given in the Antonine Itinerary. It
is described as having led per ripam.
la. Satala, XVII.; Suissa, XVIII.; Arauracos, XXI&.; Carsagis, XXVIII.;
Sinervas, XXVIII.; Analiba, XVI.; Zimara, XVI.; Teucila, XXVIII.; Sabus,
XVI.; Dascusa, XXXII.; Ciaca, XVIII.; Melitene.
A considerable portion of the same road is given in the Peutinger Table, but
it starts from Draconis, the second station from Satala on the direct road Nicopolis
—Satala (vide infra, Ila. and 116.).
16. Draconis, XVI.; Haris, XVII.; Eregarsina, VIIh; Bubalia, XXVII.;
Zimara, XVIII.; Zenocopi, XVIII.; Vereuso, XIII.; Saba, XVIII.; Dascusa,
XVIII.; Hispa, XVIII.; Arangas, VIIII.; Ciaca, XXVII.; Melitene.
A direct road, Nicopolis—Satala, is given both in the Itinerary and the Table.
Ha. In the Antonine Itinerary: Nicopolis, XXIV.; Olotoedariza, XXVI.;
Dracontes, XXIV.; Haza, XXVI.; Satala.
116. In the Peutinger Table: Nicopoli, XIV.; Caltiorissa—Draconis, XIII.;
Cunissa, X.; Hassis, XIII.; Ziziola, XII.; Satala.
Another road, Nicopolis—Satala, which, if Carsagis is taken to be the same as
Carsat, joins road la. at that point, is given in the Itinerary—
lie. Nicopoli, XXIV.; Olotoedariza, XXIV.; Carsat, XXIV.; Arauracos,
XXIV.; Suissa, XXVI.; Satala.
A road from Nicopolis which cuts into road la. at Analiba and road 16. at
Zimara, is given in the Peutinger Table.
III. Nicopoli, XXL; Ole Oberda, XV.; Caleorsissa, XXIII.; Analiba, XV.;
Zimara.
The stations on these roads are evidently much confused; Eregarsina of 16. is
most probably the same as Carsagis and Carsat of la. and lie., and the stations
Hispa and Arangas of 16. are taken from the Melitene—Sebastea road. Probably
Hassis of 116. = Haris of 16., and Dracontes of Ila. = Draconis of 16. and 116.
Analiba should be changed, as Bamsay has pointed out, to Analibla, in accordance
with Ptolemy and ‘ Acta Conciliorum.’
Melitene, as has been shown already, is at Malatia (Eski Shehr); Satala, now
that we have found the legionary tiles, may with certainty be identified with
Sadagh, and Nicopolis is at Purk.t In the country through which the roads must
have passed, there are only two places which can confidently be considered to be
ancient sites. One of these is the place opposite Pingan, from which three
* There is some evidence pointing to the fact that in late Byzantine times there
was a road in use along this tributary. The stream may very probably be identified
with the Az Zarnuk of the Arab geographers, as its junction with the Tokhma Su
(Kubakib) is accurately defined in a passage of Ibn Serapion (translated by 1’Estrange,
J.R.A.S., 1895, pp. 63 ff.). The Byzantine historians (Ced., 207. 4; Theoph.
Cont., 167 b.) record that Basil, in a.d. 872, marched from Ceramisium on this stream
(firl tw At (dpvovK ■KOTO./Mp') to the Euphrates along the road to Melitene. I owe the
references to de Muralt, ‘ Chronographie Byzantine,’ p. 453.
t Vide Ritter, xviii. p. 214; and J.A.R. Munro in ‘R.G.S. Suppl. Papers,’ vol. iii.
pp. 725 ff.