The Geographical Journal (Journal of the Royal Geographical Society): Volume XII, No. 2 [‎265v] (33/154)

124 THE ANNUAL RANGE OF TEMPERATURE IN THE SURFACE WATERS OF THE
southern hemisphere it forms a hand broken only in the centre of the
South Pacific, where, however, observations are scarce, so that it may
ultimately prove to be a continuous girdle round the globe.
A band with a range of over 20° Fahr. occurs in the southern hemi-
sphere entirely south of the tiopics, continuous across the South Atlantic
and across the greater part of the South Indian ocean; in addition,
there is an area off the south-east of Australia enclosing Tasmania, an
area entirely encircling New Zealand, four small areas off the west
coast of South America between lat. 10° and 50° S., and a small area off
the west coast of Africa, northward of Cape Frio.
In the northern portion of the Indian ocean a range of over 20° Fahr.
is found only off Cape Guardafui, extending into the Red sea, where the
temperature varies from 59° to 94° Fahr., and in the Persian gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. and
entrance thereto, where the temperature varies from 58° to 96° Fahr.
A large part of the North Atlantic has a range of over 20° Fahr.,
extending across from the Gulf of Mexico and the eastern shores of
North America to the western shores of Europe and Africa, and into
the Mediterranean. The eastern boundary of this area stretches from
lat. 10° N., on the coast of Africa, to lat. 70° N., near the North Cape on
the Norwegian coast.
In the North Pacific an extensive area, with a range of over 20° Fahr.,
extends across from the eastern shores of Asia to the west coast of North
America, and into the Bering sea, where it reaches as far northward as
lat. 64° N. There is also a small area in the region of the Gulf of
California, with a range exceeding 20°, a range of 27° being recorded
in the upper half of that gulf.
A range exceeding 25° Fahr. is found in various parts of the ocean,
almost entirely outside the tropics, the only positions within the tropics
being off Cape Guardafui and in the Red sea, and off the Chinese coast.
In the North Atlantic an extensive area lies off the east coast of North
America, between lat. 30° and 50° N., extending seawards beyond long.
30° W.; a second area fills the Mediterranean and Black sea; and a
third area occurs in the Irish sea, English channel, North sea, Baltic
sea, running up the Norwegian coast to 70° N. In the North Pacific a
large area lies off the Asiatic coast, between lat. 16° and 58° N., extending
seawards to near long. 170° E., with a small isolated area in the central
part of the ocean, between lat. 45° and 50° N., and another in the upper
half of the Gulf of California (as already indicated). In the Indian
•ocean a range exceeding 25° has been recorded off Cape Guardafui, in
the Red sea, and Persian gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. .
In the southern hemisphere, a considerable area, with a range of over
25°, lies off the east coast of South America, between lat. 24° and 44° S.,
extending seawards off the mouth of the Rio de la Plata as far as long.
44° W., with a small isolated patch in the centre of the South Atlantic,
about lat. 30° S. Another considerable area lies off the Cape of Good