"بعثة لإجراء عملية مسح لنهري دجلة والفرات، تم تنفيذها بأمر من الحكومة البريطانية، في السنوات ١٨٣٥، ١٨٣٦، ١٨٣٧؛ تسبقها إشعارات جغرافية وتاريخية للمناطق الواقعة بين نهري النيل والسند. في أربعة مجلّدات. مع أربع عشرة خريطة ورسمًا، ومزينة بثلاث عشرة لوحة، بالإضافة للعديد من الرسومات بالحفر على الخشب. المجلّد الأول." [‎١‎٨‎٨] (٩٠٥/٢٤٥)

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CHAPTER IX.
PERSIA PROPER.
comparative geography of the provinces of khuzistan,
luristan, and fars.
General Limits of Persia Proper.—Mountains and Rivers.—Province of Khu
zistdn.—Rivers Kerkhah, SMpur, Dizfiil, and Kdrdn.—Ancient Communica
tions of the last with the Sea.—Courses of the Jerdhi and Tdb.—Comparative
Geography of the Province.—Supposed identity of the Choaspes—Coprates
—Eulaeus—Hedyphon and Oroatis of the Ancients.
The Shah of Persia retains the central part of the ancient
monarchy, and his territory takes the shape of a triangle, the
base of which is along the western side of Afghanistan, and
pS of t ^ le a P ex at Ararat. It has the Persian Gulf and
Shatt el Arab for its southern, and the Turkish territory
along the Zagros, for its western limits ; whilst the northern
borders touch the river Attruck, the southern shores of the
Caspian, and the Russian provinces on the river Araxes. It
occupies about 12° of latitude 1 and 17° of longitude; 2 so that
the superficies of the twelve provinces 3 of which it consists con
tains nearly 395,846 square geographical miles, or nearly
43,982 square leagues, chiefly lying between the Persian
Gulf and the Caspian Sea. This rather exceeds the sur
face of Afghanistan, and is equal to about half of that of
Arabia. It resembles the latter country in many particulars,
as in its limited population, its scarcity of water, and the
consequent restriction of cultivation; but above all, in the
1 From 26° 25' to 38° 10' north latitude.
* From 44° 18' to 61° 20' east longitude.
' K ^zistdn, Luristdn, Fdrs, 'Irak Ajemi, Ardelan, Kirmdn-sMh, Gilan,
Mazanderdn, Azerbaijan, Khordsdn, Aster-abad, and Kirmdn, including La-
nstan. &