"دليل بلاد فارس. مجلد II" [ظ‎‎٤‎٢] (٧٠٦/٨٩)

72
AZARBATJAN
the road is to be fit for carts and to follow the existing caravan road. This
road will not have to fear the competition of the Julfa-Tabriz-Hamadan
Railway, a line projected by Russia, as it leads from Astara which has cheap
water transport to the centre of Russia, whilst there is a long land trans
port from Julfa. This projected road is noteworthy as being a purely Per
sian undertaking, to be made entirely with Persian money. But in 1910
it had not yet been begun.
TelegrafJis —Besides the main line of telegraph with iron poles through
Mianeh, Tabriz, Marand and Julfa, there are branch lines from Tabriz to—
1. Giigan, Maragheh, Mianduab, Sauj Bulagh.
2. KhoJ, Salmas, Urumieh.
3. Sarab, Ardabil, Namin, Astara.
4. Ahar, Kalipar, Pul-i-Khudafarln, Hasankhanlu, Pilsuvar.
The most important passes are—
1. That from Khosran to Oilman, height 7,000' by spurs of Siah
Rish, and villages of Neri and Holaneh.
2. Neri to Urumieh steep and in parts only 2 feet wide.
3. The Kalashln (Kalehsln) pass from Ruvanduz to Ushnu over the Iva
Shaikh mountain, commonly called the Peak (height lO^GS 7 ).
It is so difficult as to be scarcely practicable for military opera
tions.
4. The Sauj Bulagh route to Mosul through Sulduz to Ushnu, thence
over the Kalashln via Sijakchal to Ruvanduz.
5. The southern, or Garushim route from Pashi Fort over the water
shed of the little Zab, 6,180', and, down the valley of the Sauj
Bulagh river.
6 . Kiepert’s map shows a shorter route, but by a higher pass, via
Lag win.
There are also groups of defiles to the north and east of the province
into Talish and Gilan.— (Monteith ; Paseley ; Sheil; Malcolm ; Morier ;
Thielmann; Jones ; Schindler Curzon ; Picot.)
AZDANLU (IZZ-UD-DINLU)—
A division of the Qajar tribe of Persia. They were removed to Merv
in the reign of Shah Tahmasp I, and continued to hold that place till con
quered by the Uzbegs under the king of Bokhara, who nearly annihilated
the tribe.
AZHDEHATl—
A village in the Zinjan Rud sub-district of Khamseh and south of Zinjan.
— {Schindler.)
’AZIMABAD—
A village a few miles from Kazvln, on the road thence to Sain Kaleh.—
{Stuart; Cham'pain.)
’AZlZABAD (1)—
A village in lower Sllakhur, about 22 miles from Burujird on the road
to Khurramabad Luristan, via Razan. Consists of miserable huts with about
100 inhabitants.