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‘Report on the Administration of the Persian Gulf Political Residency and Muscat Political Agency for the Year 1880-81’ [‎97r] (66/244)

The record is made up of 1 volume (121 folios). It was created in 1881. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. and muscat political agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. for 1880-81. 49
F asting.
Thirdly. —Fasting-, which consists in keeping the fast of Ramadhan,
with sobriety and abnegation, and in all things attending to what is laid
down, and abstaining from all that is forbidden by God and His Prophet,
with knowledge of the proper rites.
P ilgrimage.
Fourthly. —Pilgrimage to the holy house of God for those who are
in a position to perform it* with the enjoined conditions, namely,
abstaining from sin, tarrying on 'Arafat, visiting the temple, and making
the circuit, and throwing the stones.f
These rites must be accompanied by understanding of the obliga
tions J and laws of the pilgrimage, such as making atonement for
slaying of game§ or the cutting down of trees.
R eligious P recepts and L aws.
Generally it is necessary to observe the precepts of the Koran as to
gifts to relations and parental piety, and acting righteously and avoiding
evil. Also as to the Jehad or warring against infidels and rendering
their dues to kinsfolk, way-farers, &c. Instituted observances and
civil laws must be attended to, including abstinence from the flesh of
swine, from drinking of wine, or other intoxicating liquor; also abstain
ing from food or apparel forbidden by the Koran.
* * * *
It is forbidden to wail, beat the face, rend the garments, or tear the
hair, in grief. It is forbidden to make pilgrimage to the tomb of any
save the Prophet. Women are forbidden to adorn themselves for any but
their husbands, saving the wearing of a finger-ring and anointing the
eyes witii collyrium. It is incumbent lo salute the faithful and return
their salute. Silken clothes and gold are forbidden to men. In fine, the
believer must avoid all that God has forbidden, whether mentioned or
omitted.
D octrine.
It is essential to be free from the error of those who hold that good
and evil are o'f God, and that all sins are capable of expiation. H
* Amongst the Ibadhis a person must have amassed sufficient for expenses and one
year's ordinary expenditure iu addition, before making the pilgrimage.
f in Mina Valley the pilgrim throws three stones typical of Abraham, driving away
Satan who sought to tempt him.
X The five chief points to be observed are :—
1. The spirit or intention.
2. Praying on Mount 'Arafat.
3. Shaving in Mina Valley.
4. Circuit of the temple.
5. Running seven times from Safa to Merwa.
§ After donning the Ihram or pilgrim's dress, the pilgrim must kill no game, and not
even the vermin on their bodies under penalty of expiatory offerings.
(| On this point the Ibadhis differ from Suunites.
g

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Content

Administration Report on the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. and Muscat Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. for 1880-81, published by Authority at the Foreign Department Press, India (Calcutta), forming part of the Selections from the Records of the Government of India, Foreign Department (No. 181) and based on reports sent to Government by Lieutenant-Colonel Edward Charles Ross, Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. . The report is preceded by a copy of a letter sent by Ross to Sir Alfred Comyn Lyall, Secretary to the Government of India, dated 14 July 1881, which enclosed the submission of the original reports to the Government of India (folio 69).

The report is divided up into a number of parts, as follows:

1. General Report , prepared by Ross (folios 70-82), which is divided a number of small reports, organised by region and subject, as follows: 1. ’Omán [Oman] or Muskat State; 2. Pirate Coast; 3. Islands of Bahrain; 4. Nejd, El-Hasá [Al-Hasa] and El-Katr [Qatar]; 5. Southern Persia, with subheadings for Arabistan, Fars, Bushire, Lingah [Bandar-e Lengeh] and Persian Beloochistan [Baluchistan]; and 6. Bassidore; naval; slave traffic; the observatory at Bushire; and the purchase of mules in Persia. Under the observatory report (folio 74) there is a handwritten pencil note (author unknown) which questions the underlined term ‘Samoom’ in the text, described as ‘a scorching northerly wind’. Three appendices follow the report: Appendix A comprises tabulated meteorological data from the Bushire observatory; Appendix B contains extracts from a report written by Captain Edward Durand, former Assistant Resident, on the men and internal politics of Fars; Appendix C is a genealogical table showing part of the Kájár [Qājār] royal family of Persia, indicating their present official appointments.

2. Administration Report of the Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. , Muscat, for the year 1879-80 , prepared by Lieutenant-Colonel Samuel Barrett Miles, Her Britannic Majesty’s Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. and Consul in Muscat (folios 83-98), chiefly reporting on internal political affairs, with additional short reports on changes in British offical personnel and the slave trade. Two appendices follow the report: A. A note on the tribes of Oman, written by Miles, with tabulated data on the population, district and political affiliation of tribes, and separate sections dedicated to each main tribe, detailing their geographic location, character, and internal organisation. Appendix A also includes two genealogical tables, entitled ‘Seif bin Mohammed bin Saeed bin Mohammed bin Abdulla Âb Boo Saidi’ (folio 92) and ‘Khalfân bin Mohammad bin Abdulla el Wakeel Âb Boo Saidi’ (folio 93). Folio 94 is a note, inserted into the volume at a later, unspecified date, stating that a map, plan or sketch has been temporarily removed from the volume. Appendix B is a note, prepared by Ross, on the Ibadhiyah sect of Oman, with the translation of chapter 29 of “Keshf-ul-Ghummeh-El-Jama’l ’Akhbár-el-Ummeh” of the Shaikh Sirhán-bin-Sa’íd-el-’Alwai of Oman.

3. Report of trade in 1880 , prepared by Ross (folios 98-175), comprising a summary of trade and the harvest in southern Persia, and imports and exports. Two appendices follow the report: Appendix A is a note on sea-fishing in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. , written by Lieutenant I. MacIvor, Assistant Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. , giving details of the main fishing areas; times of year for sea-fishing; boats used in fishing; fishing methods; curing and preparation of fish; importance of turtles; and varieties of fish found in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. and at Muscat, with a tabulated list of fish, alongside their (transliterated) Arabic and Persian names; numbers of boats and men involved in fishing; and quantities of fish caught in the Gulf and at Muscat. Appendix B comprises tabulated trade statistics, indicating the quantity and values of imports and exports in the region, lists of goods traded, nationality and tonnage of trading vessels.

4. Trade at Muscat , prepared by Miles, dated 27 May 1881 (folios 176-85), incorporating a general overview of trade, followed by a number of appendices comprising tabulated statistics for the average tonnage of vessels entering and leaving Muscat, imports and exports, value and description of goods.

Extent and format
1 volume (121 folios)
Arrangement

The report is arranged into a number of parts and sections, with tabulated statistical data directly following written sections as appendices. There is a contents page at the front of the report (folios 67-68), which refers to the report’s internal pagination sequence.

Physical characteristics

Condition: There is a small tear in folio 90. A number of pages (between folios 91 and 92) have been cut out of the volume.

Written in
English in Latin script
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‘Report on the Administration of the Persian Gulf Political Residency and Muscat Political Agency for the Year 1880-81’ [‎97r] (66/244), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/V/23/40, No 181, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100023549644.0x000044> [accessed 26 April 2024]

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