Letter No.52 of 1870 from Colonel Sir William Lockyer Merewether, K.C.S.I. & C.B., Commissioner's Office, Camp the Tanda to His Excellency The Right Honourable Sir William Robert Seymour Vesey Fitzgerald, G.C.S.I., Governor and President in Council, Bombay [55r] (3/28)
The record is made up of 14 folios. It was created in 26 Jan 1870. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
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( 3 )
Gungaram, who tliongh never apparently appointed, was virtually Wuzzeer,
and who shared with the Darogah in undisguised enmity to the British
Government. One general cause of complaint and dissatisfaction was the
power usurped by this Bunniah.
G. On Sir Henry Green, at the conclusion of the Persian war, rejoining
lii.s appointment as
Political Agent
A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency.
at Khelat in 1858, he found it necessary to
exert Ins whole influence with the Khan, backed by the support of General
Jacob and Sir Bartle Frere, to check the proceedings of these two men, and
to obtain their removal from office. The Bunniah Gungaram was sent away to
Sind by the Khan, but the Darogah remained at Khelat, though relieved from
liis duties. He for some time continued to exercise some indirect influence
over the Khan for evil, but it was much, if not entirely, nullified by the firm,
and straightforward bearing of Sir Henry Green, who in a measure succeeded
in making a friend of the JJarogah before death brought the latters trouble
some career to an end.
7. It was hoped then that matters would run more smoothly, and that
the divisions that had been caused might be settled favorably. Sir H, Green
was able on occasions to report more favorably of the young Khan, but the
unfortunately uncertain character of this young Prince, made still worse by his
wretched rearing in the seclusion of the harem and immediate difficulties on
his first entering public life, led to repeated contretemps. This capriciousness
also, each time that it was shown, naturally increased the ill-feeling amongst
the principal
Sirdars
Leader of a tribe or a polity; also refers to a military rank or title given to a commander of an army or division.
, and on each recurrence of a difference the attitude
assumed by the Chiefs becoming more objectionable, the breach could not but
be widened in spite of all Sir H. Green's efforts to the contrary. That Officer
reporting on 29th January 1863 writes thus in reference to this point:—" Much
" of the ill-feeling towards the Khan is doubtless caused by his capricious and
" unstable character, but his Chiefs by the unreasonableness of their demands
<f and insolence of their conduct towards him, render any permanent settlement
" of their differences most difficult; his power over them is slight, and although
" their lands are held by feudal tenure, any attempt made by His Highness to
" enforce even the extradition of a culprit leads to their banding together and
" defying his authority."
8. This capriciousness was most unfortuitously displayed in one particu
lar case of the grave insult passed by the Khan on
Sirdar
Leader of a tribe or a polity; also refers to a military rank or title given to a commander of an army or division.
Taj Mahomed, the
principal Chief of Jala wan, in the year before the above was written. The
betrothal of the Khan to the daughter of Taj Mahomed had been formally
executed before, but in a hasty moment he suddenly married the
Sirdars
Leader of a tribe or a polity; also refers to a military rank or title given to a commander of an army or division.
sistei>wido\v of his brother, the late Khan, and a determined enemy of her
brother. This marriage was perfectly justifiable according to Brahooee law,
but under the circumstances was a direct affront to the
Sirdar
Leader of a tribe or a polity; also refers to a military rank or title given to a commander of an army or division.
. This act
materially assisted in bringing about the revolution which caused the attack
oh the Khan in 1803, and his deposition for the time,. At first Sir H. Green
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Letter regarding Colonel Robert Phayre's report 'outline of Khelat [Kalāt] affairs from 1857 to 1869' and providing comments on each of the points made by Colonel Phayre.
Sir William Merewether's observations include explanations of terms used in the report; the influences around the young Khan of Khelat [Kalāt], Khodadad Khan; the difficulties caused by the Khan having been raised in seclusion by his mother; recent events in Khelat from 1857 onwards; grievances against the Khan by discontented nobles; attempts by the Jam of Beyla [Bela] to disrupt the Khan's government and rulership.
The letter goes on to give Merewether and others opinions on the Khan's Wuzzeer Wullee Mahomed Shagassee and of Khodadad Khan himself; as well as the apparent change in temperament of Moolla Mahomed Raisanee; and the ongoing difficulties with Azaud [Azad] Khan od Kharan not only in Khelat but in Beloochistan [Baluchistan] in general.
The letter also comments on the number of regular forces under the Khan's command; Captain Harrison's more favourable impressions of these forces and the arrangements for payment of these forces; as well as Merewether's disagreement with Colonel Phayre's opinion that the British Government should interfere in both these matters and that of the relations between the Khan and his Chiefs.
The letter proceeds by making observations on the state of affairs in Beloochistan and why he advocates that their should be no change in policy towards Khelat state. Merewether also comments on recent proposals around the future management of the Murree and Boogtee tribes as well as his recommendation that Government relations with these tribes should not be handled directly but should go through the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. at Khelat. The letter also outlines Colonel Phayre's proposals for the enacting of suggestions from the Punjaub Government on the protection of the frontier, and Merewether's disagreement with these proposals, giving reasons, and his alternative plan for taking these suggestions forward by using the local tribes to provide defensive forces for the frontier, along with details of costings for such a plan.
The letter concludes by noting that the current sum of 50,000 rupees Indian silver coin also widely used in the Persian Gulf. per annum which the British Government pays to the Khan under the terms of their treaty does not actually re-imburse him for the duties lost from leveies on merchants passing through his territory and that a further sum of 44,000 rupees Indian silver coin also widely used in the Persian Gulf. per annum should be granted to aid the Khan in acting on his engagements in regards to cattle-lifting and intertribal quarrels.
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Letter No.52 of 1870 from Colonel Sir William Lockyer Merewether, K.C.S.I. & C.B., Commissioner's Office, Camp the Tanda to His Excellency The Right Honourable Sir William Robert Seymour Vesey Fitzgerald, G.C.S.I., Governor and President in Council, Bombay [55r] (3/28), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F126/22, ff 54-67, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100024195159.0x00006e> [accessed 20 August 2026]
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- Reference
- Mss Eur F126/22, ff 54-67
- Title
- Letter No.52 of 1870 from Colonel Sir William Lockyer Merewether, K.C.S.I. & C.B., Commissioner's Office, Camp the Tanda to His Excellency The Right Honourable Sir William Robert Seymour Vesey Fitzgerald, G.C.S.I., Governor and President in Council, Bombay
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- 54r:67v
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![Letter No.52 of 1870 from Colonel Sir William Lockyer Merewether, K.C.S.I. & C.B., Commissioner's Office, Camp the Tanda to His Excellency The Right Honourable Sir William Robert Seymour Vesey Fitzgerald, G.C.S.I., Governor and President in Council, Bombay [‎55r] (3/28) Letter No.52 of 1870 from Colonel Sir William Lockyer Merewether, K.C.S.I. & C.B., Commissioner's Office, Camp the Tanda to His Excellency The Right Honourable Sir William Robert Seymour Vesey Fitzgerald, G.C.S.I., Governor and President in Council, Bombay [‎55r] (3/28)](https://iiif.qdl.qa/iiif/images/81055/vdc_100000001524.0x0003a1/Mss Eur F126_22_0109.jp2/full/!1200,1200/0/default.jpg)