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'File 8/60 MUSCAT STATE AFFAIRS: MUSSANNAH AND YAL SA'AD.' [‎10r] (19/266)

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The record is made up of 1 file (131 folios). It was created in 5 Feb 1920-8 Sep 1925. It was written in English and Arabic. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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<Q)
J
Copy* of addr toy J^mnadao Vi •sum 1 t aaonaa, to
/IsauioL.^ i/amodar of Muscat* dated 7th Maha Wad 1976* Vsdiissday
( • 11 th February 19 ^ 0 • )•
You>r letter sent via Bqrltsh by meesen^er has besn
received in which you have mcmhov. led^ed the receipt of a^y
letter sent to you* You inform th t the Poli tioal A^ent had
assured that necessary steps are toein 4 taken to protect uir
lives and property* Thi* has been duly noted* The following
are further details of the disturbance at j4aen»a*
All the inhubitant* of Masnaa ( m^n# women -na childr<
with their property have bet n removed from the town and brought
into the fort about a week ago* The Yal Saad twice intended to
attack the town during night* on the nights of the 14th and
15th ( 2 . 6 th and 6 th februury ) the Y&l t>aad attempted to
attack but failed as fire was at or*# opensd upon them and they
fled.
On the 16th ( •* 7th February ) the Yal ftaad captured
two men from the Nuaania ( ? ) tribe but they were released
yesterday after being ueprived of tneir riflee and clothes*
Besides these the Yal Saad hve carried away doors of the
hou water skins from the gardens of people* It is also
said that they have destroyed some d te palms. They had
intended to destroy the Customs building* b ^t these being
ju*t opposite to the fort they could not succeed in their aim.
Cur conpanions are still subjected to hardship and
trouble for the supply of water and fodder* We had with much
difficulty brought water on 14th ( •• 5th February ) and tode.y '
only with the assistance of Sh ikh haujud bin daiiad Amri who
*
had given som» seven m^Q to c comp any us to the river •
we have brou ht water* erase is not brought into the tov^n
but sometimes it is brought secretly*
Or.' the 16th (j- 7th 7ebruary , the servant of Thakar Dhs
Bhariji *orarji was bringing grass but h»t w>ie plund red by the
Yal Saad. His donksy was returnsd to him thr nekt day. The m n
is not bringing ^rass for the Inst four days.

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Content

This file relates to the Yal Sa`ad [Yāl Sa‘d], a tribe based on the Batinah coast. The correspondence discusses the reported resistance of Yal Sa`ad tribesmen to the establishment of customs houses in the area. It also discusses reported smuggling and slave trafficking by the tribe, and the grounds for British intervention on behalf of the Muscat Government. Relates matters covered in the correspondence include the following: reported attacks on the coastal town of Masnaah [Mussannah] by Yal Sa`ad tribesmen, in opposition to the construction of customs buildings there; reports of the Yal Sa`ad having engaged in slave trading on the Batinah coast; the issuing of ultimatums by the Muscat Council of Ministers (with British support) to the Yal Sa`ad shaikhs at Wudam and Khadhra; the intensive bombardment of Khadra and other villages by Royal Navy ships, along with the capture and burning of several dhows, during October and November 1922, in an effort to force the submission of the Yal Sa`ad.

Notable correspondents include the following: the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. and Consul, Muscat; the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. ; the Senior Naval Officer in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. ; the Foreign Secretary to the Government of India; the Sultan of Muscat and Oman, Taimur bin Faisal [Taymūr bin Fayṣal bin Turkī Āl Bū Sa‘īd].

All of the material is dated between 1920 and 1923, with the exception of a letter at the end of the file from the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. to the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. , which is dated 8 September 1925 and reports on recent events at Swaiq [As Suwayq].

The Arabic language material consists of several items of correspondence (English translations are included).

Extent and format
1 file (131 folios)
Arrangement

The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the front to the rear of the file.

Physical characteristics

Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 133; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio.

Written in
English and Arabic in Latin and Arabic script
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'File 8/60 MUSCAT STATE AFFAIRS: MUSSANNAH AND YAL SA'AD.' [‎10r] (19/266), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/R/15/6/238, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100056137056.0x000014> [accessed 6 May 2024]

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