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Coll 6/8(1) 'Printed Series: 1929 to 1938.' [‎40r] (84/1062)

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The record is made up of 1 volume (527 folios). It was created in 6 Jan 1929-15 Jan 1938. It was written in English and French. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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41
this should tend to deter other nations from disturbing the peace of the wm-lrl
and should therefore be of advantage to His Majesty ft made it more difficult
matted W n°f a . ot t herwls ^ ha ™ been to g" e Hi « direct assistance in
matters of aviation. Nevertheless, if His Majesty would make specific
suggestions, they would be examined most carefully and sympathetically.
nr l 2 ' ," as a § ain referred to at a later meeting the same day.
Mr. Rendel repeated his warning about the peculiar difficulties created by the
pre-occupation of His Majesty s Government with their scheme of rearmament
and spoke of the necessity for co-ordination of skilled men with suitable
machines if time and money spent on training and equipment were not to be
wasted, and of the possibility that Saudi Arabia, having a very small urban
population among which to find men with a suitable preliminary trainin 0, in
mechanical work, &c., might find it more difficult than, e.g., Egypt, to pro
duce suitable candidates for aviation work. Sir Reader Bullard suggested
that, whereas it might suit the Italians to undertake the training of any
number of Saudis because of the political effect it might be expected to have,
His Majesty’s Government would be reluctant to embark on any scheme that
would not have a reasonable chance of success. He also asked .the King what
His Majesty thought would be the effect upon the Italians of any close rela
tionship between His Majesty’s Government and Saudi Arabia in matters of
aviation. Was there any reason to think that this might encourage them to
seek to extend their influence elsewhere, e.g., in the Yemen ? It was true
that the Italians had themseVes wished to identify themselves closely with
Saudi Arabia in aviation affairs, but how far was that merely a phase of the
war with Ethiopia and their hostility to His Majesty’s Government on that
point ? The King said that the Italians still wished to be allowed to develop
Saudi aviation, and implied that he didn’t care what they thought. He
added bitterly that the pilots trained in Italy were no good. At one point
in the conversation the King said that if Iraq shook itself free of Turkish
influence he would not mind having some Iraqis to help in aviation later on.
13. It was arranged that Sheikh Yusuf Yasin should prepare for His
Majesty’s Minister a note of the Saudi requirements in aviation matters. This
note, Ibn Sand was assured, would receive the most careful attention.
Third Interview, March 21.
14. The King said that he wanted to speak about his future in relation to
His Majesty’s Government. He began with a long and rather pointless
account of the negotiations for the Saudi-Iraq Treaty of Friendship and
Alliance. In so far as it has a point it was intended to show the Iraqis as
rather slippery customers. At Riyadh, said the King, Naji-al-Asil suggested
to Ibn Saud that Iraq should deal with His Majesty’s Government in the
matter of Palestine on behalf of Ibn Saud, and that Ibn Saud should deal
with the Imam about his adhesion to the Saudi-Iraq Treaty. Ibn Saud
had expressed surprise at this request, and had said that both States must
act too-ether in both matters. He spoke of what appeared to be a similar
attempt to side-track him in the matter of securing the adhesion of the Imam
to the^treaty. He then spoke of the surprise he had felt at the Iraqis wanting
to insert in^the treaty a reference to the League of Nations, of which Saudi
Arabia was not a member, and added that the Imam would never consent to
anXng in which there was a reference to the League Mr. Rendel
S Afnh that members of the League could not assume any obligation which
the part of Iraq. of d the League , and that consequently neither
Saudi Arabia nohhe Yemen would be affected by such a reservation on the
^The King then said that he had often been asked ^ether *he Arab
states of the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. could not adhere to the Saudi-Iiaq ireaty
6o-CJ ExAfEahsPept

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Content

This volume compiles printed copies of letters, telegrams, memoranda and newspaper extracts relating to Britain's involvement across the Arabian Peninsula during the period 1929-1938. Whilst the correspondence encompasses all matters concerning British interests in the region, much of it relates to Ibn Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd] and the Kingdom of the Hejaz and Nejd (later Saudi Arabia). Matters discussed in the correspondence include the following:

  • Reports of unrest in the Hejaz.
  • Relations between Imam Yeha Hamid-Ud-Din [Yaḥyá Muḥammad Ḥamīd al-Dīn, Imam of Yemen] and Ibn Saud.
  • Reports of raids and arms trafficking on the Transjordan Used in three contexts: the geographical region to the east of the River Jordan (literally ‘across the River Jordan’); a British protectorate (1921-46); an independent political entity (1946-49) now known as Jordan -Nejd frontier.
  • Reports of the proceedings of British naval ships in the Red Sea.
  • Details of the Akhwan [Ikhwan] revolt against Ibn Saud, including the movements of one of the revolt's leaders, Faisal Dawish [Fayṣal bin Sulṭān al-Dawīsh], and his surrender to the British in Kuwait.
  • Relations between Kuwait and Nejd.
  • Relations between Iraq and Nejd, including a proposed meeting between Ibn Saud and King Faisal [Fayṣal] of Iraq, and reports of a treaty of alliance between Iraq and Saudi Arabia.
  • Objections from the Hejaz Government to Royal Air Force aircraft flying over Nejd territory.
  • The purchase of arms by the Hejaz Government from Poland.
  • Ibn Saud's annexation of Asir.
  • The death of King Hussein [Ḥusayn bin ‘Alī al-Hāshimī].
  • Harry St John Bridger Philby's conversion to Islam, his mapping of Rub-al-Khali, and his reported spreading of Saudi propaganda in the Aden Protectorate.
  • The currency exchange crisis in the Hejaz-Nejd and the financial situation in the kingdom generally.
  • Reports on a survey of the water and mineral content of the Hejaz coastal area.
  • Relations between Soviet Russia and Saudi Arabia.
  • The emigration of Jews from Yemen to Palestine, via Aden.
  • British fears that Italy might harbour ambitions to annex Yemen.
  • Saudi oil concessions.
  • Italian-Saudi relations.

Prominent correspondents include the following: the British Agent (later His Majesty's Chargé d’Affaires) at Jeddah; His Majesty's Minister at Jeddah; the High Commissioner for Egypt; the High Commissioner for Iraq; the High Commissioner for Transjordan Used in three contexts: the geographical region to the east of the River Jordan (literally ‘across the River Jordan’); a British protectorate (1921-46); an independent political entity (1946-49) now known as Jordan ; the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. , Kuwait; the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. (later Chief Commissioner, and later still, Governor), Aden; the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. ; His Majesty's Ambassador to Iraq; His Majesty's Ambassador to Italy; the Secretary of State for the Colonies; the Minister (and Acting Minister) for Foreign Affairs for the Kingdom of the Hejaz and Nejd (later Saudi Arabia); Ibn Saud; King Feisal of Iraq; the Prime Minister of Iraq; various officials of the Colonial Office, the Foreign Office, the Air Ministry, and the Admiralty.

The French material in the volume consists of several items of correspondence and a copy of a treaty between France and Yemen, which was signed in April 1936.

The volume includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the volume by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.

Extent and format
1 volume (527 folios)
Arrangement

The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the volume.

The items of correspondence are divided (roughly) into various sections. Each extract or item of correspondence within these sections has its own number, which is enclosed in brackets. These numbers proceed in ascending (and approximate chronological) order from left to right; however, the sections themselves proceed in reverse, from the rear to the front of the volume, in distinct groups (e.g. for 1929 numbers 1-23, which are located at folios 517-526, are followed by numbers 24-49 at folios 509-516, which are then followed by numbers 50-89 at folios 494-508, and so on).

Physical characteristics

Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 529; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio.

Pagination: each section of correspondence within the volume (as described in the arrangement field) has its own pagination sequence.

Written in
English and French in Latin script
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Coll 6/8(1) 'Printed Series: 1929 to 1938.' [‎40r] (84/1062), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/12/2071, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100061765163.0x000055> [accessed 14 May 2024]

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