Coll 6/8(1) 'Printed Series: 1929 to 1938.' [483r] (970/1062)
The record is made up of 1 volume (527 folios). It was created in 6 Jan 1929-15 Jan 1938. It was written in English and French. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
T9
• i. P ur yateher came in on 12th October and brought very
interesting details but as be left before it was known definitely what had
happened to the Awazim who were trying to rally, 1 was unable to give you
definite news regarding the final stages of the battle. On the night of the 13th
u 0 - 3rd "er, also a letter from al-Duwish himself to His Excellency
Shark i nmad and from these two sources the “ fog ” may be said to have
lifted, and the cause of events made clear. Much other corroborative news has
also come m through Dhafir, Hashida and Awazim sources to relations among
the Hathar of Kuwait* The full story is given below—
3. As was clear from my previous despatch (Enclosure 1), the Mutair broke
the Awazim right and centre and carried all before them on the 5th October. The
Ajman on the other hand suffered a sharp reverse on the Awazim right wing. The
Mutair pursued wildly for a matter of 7 miles, their horsemen numbering some
550 causing much execution among fugitives. On giving up their immediate
pursuit of fleeing Awazim and loose camels, the Mutair returned to find
Ajman still engaged with the Awazim and pressing them back. The latter
had rallied in their subsidiary camp (see original plan sent) which was much
closer to the main wells of Ingair than originally reported, and were putting up
a fine resistance. The Awazim had dug trenches everywhere and as daylight
came on their fight become more severe. Both Mutair and Ajman from
all sides then attacked and opened a tremendous fire into the camp of the
Awazim which contained women and children, camels, sheep, etc., etc., closely
and inextricably mixed up. It was this fire which caused so many casualties
among the Awazim animals and women and children.
4. Al-Euwish at noon called off the attack, mainly because his forces
were out of hand and had scattered in their efforts to round up the Awazim
camels. It might be mentioned that the Awazim women, when the Mutair
attack was at its height i loosed nearly all their camels in the hope they would
escape and be recovered later. These to the number of nearly 8,000 were
rounded up by the Aklrwan.
5. On Sunday 6th October all was quiet, though al-Duwish with his
mounted men arranged that no one should come to or leave the Awazim camp.
6. On Monday 7th October the Awazim sent in a man of the Zaab to
treat for surrender. As a preliminary he asked al-Duwish if the Awazim could
move camp to al-Batchsa, wells close to, and to the South-East o
Ingair, as the stench of dead men, camels and sheep was very great and the
water was poluted. Al-Duwish agreed and likewise moved his own Ajman
and Mutair camps to Um al Hzam, a place commanding Batchsa. The moves
of both forces were completed by Thursday, 10th October.
7. On the same day, i.e., Thursday, the 10th October, I'uw^h sent in and
demanded that the Awazim leaders come to his camp and discuss t
surrender
8. This was agreed to and on Friday, 11th October al-Fuqm with 3 men
proceeded to the° Awazim camp and escorted Mubarak al Milaabi and
Abdullah ibn Faishan the leading Shaikhs back to al-Duwis .
q Throughout Friday, 10th the conference took place, and much speech
making was indulged in ol both sides which it is
Suffice to say ai-Duwish blamed the Awazim for b g g dear warnings
on their own heads and asked God o wi ness . to Hassa
to them to retire as l ^ r ^"^waztohad chosen to refuse and had preferred
was very awkward. Iliey tne a. ^ alternative but to remove
to obey Bin Sand’s commands, so he had ha . , ^ d that they deserv-
their threat by force. The Awazim on the ° tber them on by
ed all they had God, and T:olent . | y a! ™ s ® p , w “ e coming to their aid. None
continual promises that large relu ” „ nv all in the vicinity except very
had ever put in an appearance nor ^ „ tr00 p S under Turki bin Abdul
weak details (no more than -) g ou th
Bast
(Per.) A Persian custom allowing an individual to seek asylum at a designated location.
of Nta : trying to get Bam
Aziz ahu Ithaar who was at ^ r) and BaD i Hajir camped
elements Khalid camped at ~'tj' r ' . Awaina) to join him. These on the
at Nahaishiri (one day’s march South of Awa ' to m0VB Nolth> the
approach of al-Duwish had, they said, posi. voiy
About this item
- Content
This volume compiles printed copies of letters, telegrams, memoranda and newspaper extracts relating to Britain's involvement across the Arabian Peninsula during the period 1929-1938. Whilst the correspondence encompasses all matters concerning British interests in the region, much of it relates to Ibn Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd] and the Kingdom of the Hejaz and Nejd (later Saudi Arabia). Matters discussed in the correspondence include the following:
- Reports of unrest in the Hejaz.
- Relations between Imam Yeha Hamid-Ud-Din [Yaḥyá Muḥammad Ḥamīd al-Dīn, Imam of Yemen] and Ibn Saud.
- Reports of raids and arms trafficking on the Transjordan Used in three contexts: the geographical region to the east of the River Jordan (literally ‘across the River Jordan’); a British protectorate (1921-46); an independent political entity (1946-49) now known as Jordan -Nejd frontier.
- Reports of the proceedings of British naval ships in the Red Sea.
- Details of the Akhwan [Ikhwan] revolt against Ibn Saud, including the movements of one of the revolt's leaders, Faisal Dawish [Fayṣal bin Sulṭān al-Dawīsh], and his surrender to the British in Kuwait.
- Relations between Kuwait and Nejd.
- Relations between Iraq and Nejd, including a proposed meeting between Ibn Saud and King Faisal [Fayṣal] of Iraq, and reports of a treaty of alliance between Iraq and Saudi Arabia.
- Objections from the Hejaz Government to Royal Air Force aircraft flying over Nejd territory.
- The purchase of arms by the Hejaz Government from Poland.
- Ibn Saud's annexation of Asir.
- The death of King Hussein [Ḥusayn bin ‘Alī al-Hāshimī].
- Harry St John Bridger Philby's conversion to Islam, his mapping of Rub-al-Khali, and his reported spreading of Saudi propaganda in the Aden Protectorate.
- The currency exchange crisis in the Hejaz-Nejd and the financial situation in the kingdom generally.
- Reports on a survey of the water and mineral content of the Hejaz coastal area.
- Relations between Soviet Russia and Saudi Arabia.
- The emigration of Jews from Yemen to Palestine, via Aden.
- British fears that Italy might harbour ambitions to annex Yemen.
- Saudi oil concessions.
- Italian-Saudi relations.
Prominent correspondents include the following: the British Agent (later His Majesty's Chargé d’Affaires) at Jeddah; His Majesty's Minister at Jeddah; the High Commissioner for Egypt; the High Commissioner for Iraq; the High Commissioner for Transjordan Used in three contexts: the geographical region to the east of the River Jordan (literally ‘across the River Jordan’); a British protectorate (1921-46); an independent political entity (1946-49) now known as Jordan ; the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. , Kuwait; the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. (later Chief Commissioner, and later still, Governor), Aden; the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. ; His Majesty's Ambassador to Iraq; His Majesty's Ambassador to Italy; the Secretary of State for the Colonies; the Minister (and Acting Minister) for Foreign Affairs for the Kingdom of the Hejaz and Nejd (later Saudi Arabia); Ibn Saud; King Feisal of Iraq; the Prime Minister of Iraq; various officials of the Colonial Office, the Foreign Office, the Air Ministry, and the Admiralty.
The French material in the volume consists of several items of correspondence and a copy of a treaty between France and Yemen, which was signed in April 1936.
The volume includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the volume by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (527 folios)
- Arrangement
The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the volume.
The items of correspondence are divided (roughly) into various sections. Each extract or item of correspondence within these sections has its own number, which is enclosed in brackets. These numbers proceed in ascending (and approximate chronological) order from left to right; however, the sections themselves proceed in reverse, from the rear to the front of the volume, in distinct groups (e.g. for 1929 numbers 1-23, which are located at folios 517-526, are followed by numbers 24-49 at folios 509-516, which are then followed by numbers 50-89 at folios 494-508, and so on).
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 529; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio.
Pagination: each section of correspondence within the volume (as described in the arrangement field) has its own pagination sequence.
- Written in
- English and French in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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- Reference
- IOR/L/PS/12/2071
- Title
- Coll 6/8(1) 'Printed Series: 1929 to 1938.'
- Pages
- front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, 2r:5v, 6v, 8v:10r, 11r:14r, 15r:20r, 21r:21v, 22v, 24v:26v, 27v:30r, 32r:41v, 43r:46v, 48r:48v, 49v:52v, 53v, 55v:58r, 59r:60r, 61r:70r, 71v:77v, 78v:79r, 80v:81v, 82v:93v, 95r:101v, 102v:104v, 106r:108r, 109v:110v, 111v:113v, 115r:120v, 122r:123r, 124r:126v, 127v, 128v:130v, 132r, 133v:137r, 139r:154r, 155r, 156r:157v, 159r:166r, 167r, 168r:171r, 172r:174r, 175r:175v, 176v:177v, 180v:181r, 182v, 183v:184v, 187v:188r, 191r:198r, 199r:199v, 200v:201r, 202r, 203r:203v, 206r:207r, 210r:211v, 213r:220r, 223v:224v, 226r:226v, 228r, 230v:234v, 236r, 237r:252r, 253v:257v, 259r:260v, 262r:262v, 264r:268v, 269v:276r, 277v:278v, 279v:281r, 282v:285r, 287r:288r, 289r:292v, 295r:296v, 297v:307r, 308r, 309r:316v, 318r:320v, 322r, 324r:325r, 327r, 329r:331r, 332r:335r, 336r:337v, 338v:345r, 347r:348r, 350v, 353v:358v, 360r:363r, 364v:365v, 366v:371r, 372v:375r, 376v, 377v:379v, 383r:383v, 384v:385r, 387v:389r, 390r:391v, 395v:400v, 401v:412v, 414v:420r, 422r:433v, 435v:437v, 440r:447v, 449r:449v, 451v:459r, 460r:463v, 465r:468v, 469v:471r, 474r:477r, 480r:485r, 486v:492v, 494r:507r, 508v:511r, 512r:513v, 514v, 516r:518v, 520r:522r, 523r:528v, back-i
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence
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