"دليل بلاد فارس. مجلد III." [و‎‎٣‎١‎٥] (٩٨٢/٦٣٤)

413 .
um-Lim
619
rice. Apart from the produce of their fields, they derive a good income
from the sale of gum-tragacanth and charcoal. They are in great part
Beh Nishins who do not migrate to winter quarters. The village of
Zagheh is on the main caravan route and is of some size and importance.
This tribe is reckoned at 1,000 families with a total of 5,000 souls. For
their qishldqs vide tabulated statement below.
The Bairanaivand inhabit the country to the west of the two last-named
tribes, between them and the plain of Alishtar. The superficial
area of their ydildq, or summer quarters, is reckoned at some thing over 2,000
square miles. They own rich lands and many good villages besides being
well armed. They are numerically the strongest tribe of Luristan : their
numbers being estimated at some 7,000 families or 25,000 souls. While
many families have joined them from other tribes, they have in turn lost
others who have settled in Burujird or Silakhur. They have the
reputation of being amongst the most turbulent and unruly of the tribes
of Luristan. The tribe generally has a very bad name and their
chiefs are spoken of as uncivilised even in Luristan. In the time of Nadir
Shah they were removed en bloc to Shiraz : but escaped and returned to
Luristan. The qishldq of this tribe is at Kilab or in the Pusht-i-Kuh dis
trict : the latter, which are on the borders of the Turkish frontier, they
only visit after obtaining assurances of safety from the intervening tribes
men. The Bairanawand are divided into fifteen sub-divisions, vide tab
ulated satement below. The two principal chiefs of the tribe are Ma
Rahim Khan and Quli Khan, between whom enmity exists. The former
is on good terms with the Fath-us-Sultan (head of the Dilfan) who has
endeavoured to reconcile the two.
The Sagwand occupy the country to the south-east of and in the near
neighbourhood of Khurramabad, and contiguous to the lands of the Dal-
wand to the north. Their most important and productive tract is
’Arabistan. The climate of this region is temperate, except for a few months
in the winter. In the spring they pour into the plains of Dizful advancing
as far south as Shush. In doing this they usually give a wide berth to the
Dirakwand ; in whom they have but scant trust. If the Governor at Khur
ramabad is hostile, they not infrequently remain in the low hill country of
eastern Pusht-I-Kuh for the summer. Besides cultivated lands they own large
herds and flocks. The Sagwand are of Arab extraction and came into Luris
tan some 150 years ago. Karim Khan Zand endeavoured to transfer them
to Shiraz, but after a short stay in that place they escaped and returned to
Luristan. The tribe itself at that time was insignificant and was without
lands : but in course of time they murdered the chiefs of the Said, Makan
’AH and Tulabi tribes and annexed their properties. Thus the land taxes
they now pay are those of the tribes they overpowered. They have been
joined by many families from the PapI, Lurl, Mumianwand, Quliwand,
Hasanwand and Tihran tribes and now number 3,000 families or about
10,000 souls. They are sub-divided into many branches, vide tabulated
statement below. A small and distinct branch, known as Gallehdar is
permanently settled on the plains to the west of the Ab-i-Diz. Their
fighting strength is reckoned to be greater than that of any other Lur tribe