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Coll 28/28 ‘Persia. Perso-Baluchistan Frontier. Demarcation near Mirjawa.’ [‎53v] (117/658)

The record is made up of 1 volume (323 folios). It was created in 14 Apr 1924-20 Nov 1935. It was written in English and Persian. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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for supplies and support, whilst to a certain extent he superseded and over
shadowed the Asad on his own ground. But this danger terminated with the
conclusion of our work, and if that conclusion is satisfactory, it is largely due
to the courteous disposition on the part of the Persian Commissioner to meet
all my wishes half-way.
48. As regards the staff of the British Commission, I have the honour to
call your attention to the excellent work performed by my assistants.
Lieutenant-Colonel Wahab, R.E., will submit his own report. No oppor
tunity was afforded for the extension of triangulation A surveying technique in which the position of a network of points is determined by creating a series of triangles between them and measuring at least two of the internal angles and one side length. for geographical pur
poses, and the work of the survey party was almost confined to a resurvey in
detail of the actual route and boundary line. Some 3,000 miles of country
were thus revised.
Colonel Wahab’s long and distinguished services on the frontier are too
well known to need further reference from me. On this occasion all that could
possibly be done was done, and the successful efforts of the survey party, not
only on the line just demarcated, but south of Kohuk, between that place and
Gwadur, should leave no room for future discussion as to the position of the
boundary,
49. Captain C. A. KembalTs local knowledge of the country and the
people and the circumstances of rival claims has been of great value to me in
laying down the boundary along the line originally indicated in his own
reports. In no case has any great departure been made from his recommenda
tions, the soundness of which have been abundantly proved during the progress
of demarcation. The entire management of the difficult departments of
transport and supply has been in his hands and all his arrangements have been
excellent.
Captain P. M. Sykes, Her Majesty’s Consul at Kerman, brought with him
all the special information that w r as requisite from the Persian side. His
personal influence with the officers of the Persian staff and his colloquial know
ledge were invaluable in bringing all discussions to a speedy issue. By his
own energy and interprise, and chiefly at his own expense, Captain Sykes has
secured a position of influence for the Consulate at Kerman which can hardly
fail to have an important bearing on Baluch frontier politics, and which might
at once be turned to excellent account in the settlement of outstanding frontier
claims and disputes. When all present claims for damages on account of recent
raids are settled, there seems a very fair prospect of long continued peace and
security on this remote Baluch border.
50. The services of some of the native officials of the Commission have
already been brought to the notice of Government specially, some having been
recommended for departmental promotion and others for honorary distinction.
In this report I have only to bring to your notice the services rendered by
Sheikh Taj Mahomed who was head accountant of the Commission as w^ell as a
most valuable agent in collecting supplies and information throughout its pro
gress. He is a good English, Persian, and Baluch scholar, possesses great
influence in Southern Baluchistan and is a man of energy and resource. Should
an extra native political assistant be required hereafter in those remote districts,
I think that it wall be difficult to find a better qualified man. An honorary
distinction would be well bestowed on him,
MOiPC—S r 6—VI-1—14-3-34— 25.

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Content

Correspondence, memoranda, maps and other papers relating to the establishment of a precise position of the frontier between Persia [Iran], British Baluchistan [in present-day Pakistan], and Afghanistan, arising in response to the proposed transfer to Persian ownership of the Mirjawa [Mīrjāveh] to Duzdap [Zahedan] stretch of the North Western Railway, and territorial claims made by the Khan of Kalat, Mir Mohammad Azam Jan Khan, and the Persian Government. The volume’s correspondents include: Foreign Office and India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. officials; the British Legation at Tehran (Reginald Hervey Hoare; Charles Dodd); the Government of India (Francis Verner Wylie); the Agent to Governor-General and Chief Commissioner for Baluchistan (Alexander Norman Ley Cater); the British Consul for Sīstān and Kain [Ka’īn] (Clive Kirkpatrick Daly).

The correspondence covers:

  • The historical basis for negotiations, being surveys carried out in the 1870s, and a demarcation agreement concluded on 24 March 1896 by Colonel Thomas Hungerford Holdich, later referred to as the Holdich Line. Papers include correspondence from the 1930s in response to uncertainties about the precise position of the line (including extracts of the agreement in Persian), and copies of correspondence from 1895-1896 relating to the conclusion of Holdich’s agreement.
  • Arrangements in 1932 for a joint British and Persian survey party to map the frontier, with Captain Guy Bomford of the Survey of India leading the British party. The results of Bomford’s survey are summarised in a copy of a secret letter, dated 9 June 1932, with accompanying maps (ff 113-119).
Extent and format
1 volume (323 folios)
Arrangement

The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the file.

Physical characteristics

Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 321; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers, nor does it include the two leading and two ending flyleaves.

A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.

Written in
English and Persian in Latin and Arabic script
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Coll 28/28 ‘Persia. Perso-Baluchistan Frontier. Demarcation near Mirjawa.’ [‎53v] (117/658), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/12/3425, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100085225766.0x000076> [accessed 5 July 2026]

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